Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swōtijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *swōtuz (“sweet”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈswɔː.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*swōtijaną

1. to sweeten

Inflection

Conjugation of *swōtijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*swōtijō	*swōtijaų	—	*swōtijai	?
2nd singular	*swōtīsi	*swōtijais	*swōtī	*swōtijasai	*swōtijaisau
3rd singular	*swōtīþi	*swōtijai	*swōtijaþau	*swōtijaþai	*swōtijaiþau
1st dual	*swōtijōs	*swōtijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*swōtijaþiz	*swōtijaiþiz	*swōtijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*swōtijamaz	*swōtijaim	—	*swōtijanþai	*swōtijainþau
2nd plural	*swōtīþ	*swōtijaiþ	*swōtīþ	*swōtijanþai	*swōtijainþau
3rd plural	*swōtijanþi	*swōtijain	*swōtijanþau	*swōtijanþai	*swōtijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*swōtidǭ	*swōtidēdį̄
2nd singular	*swōtidēz	*swōtidēdīz
3rd singular	*swōtidē	*swōtidēdī
1st dual	*swōtidēdū	*swōtidēdīw
2nd dual	*swōtidēdudiz	*swōtidēdīdiz
1st plural	*swōtidēdum	*swōtidēdīm
2nd plural	*swōtidēdud	*swōtidēdīd
3rd plural	*swōtidēdun	*swōtidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*swōtijandz	*swōtidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *swōtijan
  • Old English: swētan
    • Middle English: sweten
      • English: sweet
  • Old Frisian: *swēta
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: *swētia (changed to a class 2 verb)
      • Saterland Frisian: swäitje
      • West Frisian: swietje, swietsje
  • Old Saxon: *swōtian
    • Middle Low German: sȫten
      • German Low German: söten
  • Old Dutch: *suoten
    • Middle Dutch: soeten
      • Dutch: zoeten
  • Old High German: suozen
    • Middle High German: süezen
      • Bavarian: siaßn
      • German: süßen
      • Yiddish: זיסן (zisn)
• Old Norse: *sœta, *sǿta
  • Icelandic: sæta
  • Faroese: søta
  • Swedish: söta
  • Danish: søde

References

• “sætur” in: Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)
• “swẹ̄ten, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2017-02-07.