Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skelbaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown. Orel considers *skelfō (“shelf, cliff”) as related, though the semantics are dubious.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskel.βɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skelbaną

1. to shiver, tremble

Inflection

Conjugation of *skelbaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skelbō	*skelbaų	—	*skelbai	?
2nd singular	*skilbizi	*skelbaiz	*skelb	*skelbazai	*skelbaizau
3rd singular	*skilbidi	*skelbai	*skelbadau	*skelbadai	*skelbaidau
1st dual	*skelbōz	*skelbaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*skelbadiz	*skelbaidiz	*skelbadiz	—	—
1st plural	*skelbamaz	*skelbaim	—	*skelbandai	*skelbaindau
2nd plural	*skilbid	*skelbaid	*skilbid	*skelbandai	*skelbaindau
3rd plural	*skelbandi	*skelbain	*skelbandau	*skelbandai	*skelbaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skalb	*skulbį̄
2nd singular	*skalft	*skulbīz
3rd singular	*skalb	*skulbī
1st dual	*skulbū	*skulbīw
2nd dual	*skulbudiz	*skulbīdiz
1st plural	*skulbum	*skulbīm
2nd plural	*skulbud	*skulbīd
3rd plural	*skulbun	*skulbīn
	present	past
participles	*skelbandz	*skulbanaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *skelban
  • Old English: sċelfan
• Old Norse: skjalfa
  • Icelandic: skjálfa
  • Faroese: skjálva, skelva
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: skjelva; (dialectal) skjæve, skjølve
  • Elfdalian: stjåva
  • Old Swedish: skiælva
    • Swedish: skälva
  • Danish: skælve
    • Norwegian Bokmål: skjelve