Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rīdaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Hreydʰ- (“to set in motion, ride”), likely a suffixed form of *h₃reyH- (“to move, churn”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *reideti (“to ride”) (whence Old Irish réidid (“to ride, drive”), ríad (“ride”, noun)), Proto-Celtic *reidis (“easy, smooth”), Lithuanian riedė́ti (“to roll”), raidù (“quick”), and Latvian raĩdît (“to send hastily, urge, (reflexive) hurry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈriː.ðɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*rīdaną

1. to ride

Inflection

Conjugation of *rīdaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*rīdō	*rīdaų	—	*rīdai	?
2nd singular	*rīdizi	*rīdaiz	*rīd	*rīdazai	*rīdaizau
3rd singular	*rīdidi	*rīdai	*rīdadau	*rīdadai	*rīdaidau
1st dual	*rīdōz	*rīdaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*rīdadiz	*rīdaidiz	*rīdadiz	—	—
1st plural	*rīdamaz	*rīdaim	—	*rīdandai	*rīdaindau
2nd plural	*rīdid	*rīdaid	*rīdid	*rīdandai	*rīdaindau
3rd plural	*rīdandi	*rīdain	*rīdandau	*rīdandai	*rīdaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*raid	*ridį̄
2nd singular	*raist	*ridīz
3rd singular	*raid	*ridī
1st dual	*ridū	*ridīw
2nd dual	*ridudiz	*ridīdiz
1st plural	*ridum	*ridīm
2nd plural	*ridud	*ridīd
3rd plural	*ridun	*ridīn
	present	past
participles	*rīdandz	*ridanaz

Related terms

• *raidō
• *ridjô

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *rīdan
  • Old English: rīdan
    • Middle English: riden, ryden
      • Scots: ryde, ride
      • English: ride
  • Old Frisian: rīda
    • North Frisian: ride
    • Saterland Frisian: riede
    • West Frisian: ride
  • Old Saxon: rīdan
    • Middle Low German: riden
      • Low German: rieden
      • Plautdietsch: rieden
  • Old Dutch: rīdan
    • Middle Dutch: riden
      • Dutch: rijden
      • Limburgish: rieje
  • Old High German: rītan
    • Middle High German: rīten
      • German: reiten
      • Hunsrik: reide
      • Luxembourgish: reiden
• Proto-Norse:
  • ⇒ Proto-Norse: *ᚱᛁᛞᚨᛉ (*ridaʀ)
    • Old Norse: -ríðr
      • Old Norse: Atríðr, Fráríðr
  • Old Norse: ríða
    • Icelandic: ríða
    • Faroese: ríða
    • Norn: riða
    • Norwegian: ride, rida, ri
    • Old Swedish: rīþa
      • Swedish: rida
    • Old Danish: rithæ
      • Danish: ride
    • Gutnish: reide, reid', reida