Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/murnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)mer- (“to think; remember”).

For the meaning development compare commemorate, Russian помина́ть (pominátʹ), поми́нки (pomínki), помина́льный (pominálʹnyj).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmur.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*murnaną

1. to feel sorrow or grief; to mourn

Inflection

Conjugation of *murnaną (weak class 4)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*murnō	*murnaų	—	—	—
2nd singular	*murnōsi	*murnais	*murnō	—	—
3rd singular	*murnōþi	*murnai	*murnōþau	—	—
1st dual	*murnōs	*murnaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*murnaþiz	*murnaiþiz	*murnaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*murnamaz	*murnaim	—	—	—
2nd plural	*murnaþ	*murnaiþ	*murnaþ	—	—
3rd plural	*murnanþi	*murnain	*murnanþau	—	—
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*murnōdǭ	*murnōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*murnōdēz	*murnōdēdīz
3rd singular	*murnōdē	*murnōdēdī
1st dual	*murnōdēdū	*murnōdēdīw
2nd dual	*murnōdēdudiz	*murnōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*murnōdēdum	*murnōdēdīm
2nd plural	*murnōdēdud	*murnōdēdīd
3rd plural	*murnōdēdun	*murnōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*murnandz	—

Related terms

• *murnaz
• *murnijaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *murnan
  • Old English: murnan
    • Middle English: mournen, mornen, murnen
      • Scots: murne, murn
      • English: mourn
  • Old Saxon: mornan; (murnian, mornian); (mornōn)
    • Middle Low German: vormornen
  • → Old French: morner
    • Middle French: *morner; amorner, amornir
      • French: morné
  • (Old High German: mornēn < Proto-Germanic *murnāną)
• Old Norse: morna
  • Icelandic: morna
• Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (maurnan)