Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knikkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From a morphologically obscure formation related to *knewą (“knee”) + *-lōną (“frequentative verbal suffix”), perhaps reinforced by sound-symbolism.

Verb

*knikkōną

1. to snap, fold

Inflection

Conjugation of *knikkōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*knikkō	*knikkǭ	—	*knikkōi	?
2nd singular	*knikkōsi	*knikkōs	*knikkō	*knikkōsai	*knikkōsau
3rd singular	*knikkōþi	*knikkō	*knikkōþau	*knikkōþai	*knikkōþau
1st dual	*knikkōs	*knikkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*knikkōþiz	*knikkōþiz	*knikkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*knikkōmaz	*knikkōm	—	*knikkōnþai	*knikkōnþau
2nd plural	*knikkōþ	*knikkōþ	*knikkōþ	*knikkōnþai	*knikkōnþau
3rd plural	*knikkōnþi	*knikkōn	*knikkōnþau	*knikkōnþai	*knikkōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*knikkōdǭ	*knikkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*knikkōdēz	*knikkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*knikkōdē	*knikkōdēdī
1st dual	*knikkōdēdū	*knikkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*knikkōdēdudiz	*knikkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*knikkōdēdum	*knikkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*knikkōdēdud	*knikkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*knikkōdēdun	*knikkōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*knikkōndz	*knikkōdaz

Related terms

• *knewą

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic:
  • Old Dutch:
    • Middle Dutch: cnicken (“to snap”)
      • Dutch: knikken (“to nod, kink”)
        • Afrikaans: knik
  • Old High German:
    • Middle High German:
      • German: knicken (“to snap, bend”)
• Old Norse:
  • Norwegian: knikka (“to kneel”)