Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hundą
 |
This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm (“hundred”). Cognate with Latin centum, Old Irish cét, Lithuanian šimtas, Sanskrit शत (śatá).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]| 100/120 | Previous: | *newuntēhundą |
|---|---|---|
| Next: | *þūsundī |
*hundą n
- (+genitive) a great hundred (120)
- (+genitive) a hundred (100)
- a hundred (an administrative division and a group of a hundred men sent out to fight as noted by Tacitus in his Germania)
Usage notes
[edit]The words *hundą and *hundaradą may have not originally had a specific definition, but used as a general word for a fairly large number. This usage continued in many daughter languages, but eventually its value was fixed at 100 as was Latin centum, its cognate. Following a similar way to the third sense, Tacitus notes that being considered a member of the "hundred-band" - as in, one of the hundred men selected to fight - came to eventually be a sort-of "badge of honor" amongst those who "wore" said "badge".
Inflection
[edit]| neuter a-stemDeclension of *hundą (neuter a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *hundą | *hundō | |
| vocative | *hundą | *hundō | |
| accusative | *hundą | *hundō | |
| genitive | *hundas, *hundis | *hundǫ̂ | |
| dative | *hundai | *hundamaz | |
| instrumental | *hundō | *hundamiz | |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Old English: hund
- Middle English: hund
- Old Frisian: hund (in compounds)
- Old Saxon: hund
- Middle Low German: hunt
- Old Dutch: *hunt
- Old High German: hund
- Old Norse: hund-
- ⇒ Old Norse: Áttundaland, Fjaðryndaland, Tíundaland
- Gothic: 𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳 (hund)
- →? Proto-Finno-Ugric: *kunta