Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɑ.βɑ̃/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p-

Proto-Germanic *habą

From Proto-Indo-European *kap-ó-m, from *keh₂p- (“to seize; take up; lift”).

Noun

*habą n

1. sea

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *habą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*habą	*habō
vocative	*habą	*habō
accusative	*habą	*habō
genitive	*habas, *habis	*habǫ̂
dative	*habai	*habamaz
instrumental	*habō	*habamiz

Synonyms

• *laguz
• *mari
• *saiwiz

Derived terms

• *habanō
• *ūthabą

Related terms

• *habjaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hab
  • Old English: hæf, heaf
  • Old Frisian: *haf, hef
    • North Frisian: haf, haft, heef
  • Old Saxon: *haf
    • Middle Low German: haf
      • German Low German: Haff
        • → German: Haff
          • → Dutch: haf
          • → Polish: haf
  • Old Dutch: haf
  • Old High German: *hab
    • Middle High German: hap (genitive: habes)
• Old Norse: haf
  • Icelandic: haf
  • Faroese: hav
  • Norn: hav
  • Norwegian: hav
  • Old Swedish: haf
    • Swedish: hav
  • Danish: hav
  • Gutnish: hav, av
  • → Scots: haaf
  • → English: haaf
• → Proto-Samic: *āpē (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to seize; take up; lift”), synchronically analyzed as a nominal formation from *habjaną (“to have, hold”).

Noun

*habą n

1. lift, lifting, elevation

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *habą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*habą	*habō
vocative	*habą	*habō
accusative	*habą	*habō
genitive	*habas, *habis	*habǫ̂
dative	*habai	*habamaz
instrumental	*habō	*habamiz

Related terms

• *habjaną
• *habō
  • Proto-West Germanic: *habu

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hab
  • Old English: *haf, *hæf
    • ⇒? Middle English: haftre (“support beam”)
  • Old High German: *hab
    • ⇒ Old High German: urhab n or m
      • Middle High German: urhap
        • German: Urhab
  • ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *habattjan
    • >? Old English: hafettan
      • ⇒? Old English: hafetian
  • ⇒? Old English: *hafu (possibly a back-formation from the neuter plural)
    • ⇒ Old English: *āhafu
      • ⇒ Old English: ūpāhafu
• Old Norse: *haf
  • ⇒ Old Norse: upphaf
    • Icelandic: upphaf
    • Faroese: upphav
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: opphav, upphav (until 1938)
    • Old Danish: ophav
      • Danish: ophav
        • Norwegian Bokmål: opphav
    • Old Swedish: uphof
      • Swedish: upphov, upphof (until 1906)