Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grippōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *gʰribʰnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to the root of *grīpaną (“to grip”) (though Kroonen considers this form the original, and *grīpaną a back-formation).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣrip.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*grippōną

1. to grasp

Inflection

The original paradigm likely consisted of two stem variants, *gripp- in the singular and *grib- in the non-singular.

Conjugation of *grippōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*grippō	*grippǭ	—	*grippōi	?
2nd singular	*grippōsi	*grippōs	*grippō	*grippōsai	*grippōsau
3rd singular	*grippōþi	*grippō	*grippōþau	*grippōþai	*grippōþau
1st dual	*grippōs	*grippōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*grippōþiz	*grippōþiz	*grippōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*grippōmaz	*grippōm	—	*grippōnþai	*grippōnþau
2nd plural	*grippōþ	*grippōþ	*grippōþ	*grippōnþai	*grippōnþau
3rd plural	*grippōnþi	*grippōn	*grippōnþau	*grippōnþai	*grippōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*grippōdǭ	*grippōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*grippōdēz	*grippōdēdīz
3rd singular	*grippōdē	*grippōdēdī
1st dual	*grippōdēdū	*grippōdēdīw
2nd dual	*grippōdēdudiz	*grippōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*grippōdēdum	*grippōdēdīm
2nd plural	*grippōdēdud	*grippōdēdīd
3rd plural	*grippōdēdun	*grippōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*grippōndz	*grippōdaz

Related terms

• *graipōną

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: grippen
  • (Dutch: gribbelen)
• Alsatian: grippen (?)
• (Old Norse: gripla)