Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furai

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-éy, an innovative dative formation from *preh₂-. Compare Latin prae, Ancient Greek παραί (paraí) and Sanskrit पुरे (pure). Alternatively from *pr̥h₃-éy or *pr̥h₃-óy, from *perh₃-. In any case, ultimately from the root *per-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸu.rɑi̯/

Preposition

*furai [with dative]

1. before (spatial and temporal)
2. for (benefactive)
3. for (causal): because of

Adverb

*furai

1. before, in front

Related terms

• *furi, *furiz, *furist

Descendants

In most of the daughter languages *furi and *furai had begun to merge in meaning and to varying degrees in form.

• Proto-West Germanic: *forē
  • Old English: fore
    • Middle English: fore
      • Scots: fore
      • English: fore
  • Old Frisian: fora, fore
  • Old Saxon: fora, for, fore, fur, far
    • German Low German: för, vär, veer, ver (Low Prussian), vör, vœr
  • Old Dutch: fora, fore
    • Middle Dutch: vōre, vor, vōor
      • Dutch: voor, vore
        • Afrikaans: voor
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: foro
        • Javindo: foor
        • Negerhollands: voor, fo, for
        • Jersey Dutch: för, f'r
          • → Virgin Islands Creole: voor (dated)
        • Petjo: voor, foor
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: foo, fou
      • Limburgish: veur
  • Old High German: fora, for, fore
    • Middle Low German: vor, vore
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: vóar, bóar (Mezzaselva)

        Mòcheno: vour

      • Central Franconian: vür
      • German: vor
• Old Norse: fyrir (probably merged completely with *furi)
  • Norn: for
  • Old Swedish: fyri(r), for
    • Swedish: före, för
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰 (faura)