Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dirbijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *derbaz (“bold, daring”) +‎ *-janą.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdir.βi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*dirbijaną^[1] (North Germanic)

to make bold
to venture
to dare

Inflection

Conjugation of *dirbijaną (weak class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*dirbijō	*dirbijaų	—	*dirbijai	?
2nd singular	*dirbīsi	*dirbijais	*dirbī	*dirbijasai	*dirbijaisau
3rd singular	*dirbīþi	*dirbijai	*dirbijaþau	*dirbijaþai	*dirbijaiþau
1st dual	*dirbijōs	*dirbijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*dirbijaþiz	*dirbijaiþiz	*dirbijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*dirbijamaz	*dirbijaim	—	*dirbijanþai	*dirbijainþau
2nd plural	*dirbīþ	*dirbijaiþ	*dirbīþ	*dirbijanþai	*dirbijainþau
3rd plural	*dirbijanþi	*dirbijain	*dirbijanþau	*dirbijanþai	*dirbijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*dirbidǭ	*dirbidēdį̄
2nd singular	*dirbidēz	*dirbidēdīz
3rd singular	*dirbidē	*dirbidēdī
1st dual	*dirbidēdū	*dirbidēdīw
2nd dual	*dirbidēdudiz	*dirbidēdīdiz
1st plural	*dirbidēdum	*dirbidēdīm
2nd plural	*dirbidēdud	*dirbidēdīd
3rd plural	*dirbidēdun	*dirbidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*dirbijandz	*dirbidaz

Descendants

Old Norse: dirfa
- Icelandic: dirfa
- Norwegian: dirvast

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*derba-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 93: “*derbjan-”

[Kroonen-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*derba-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 93: “*derbjan-”

[1]