Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/delbaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰelbʰ- (“to dig”). Cognate with Lithuanian delbti (“to drop, cast down”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdel.βɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*delbaną(West Germanic)

1. to dig, hollow out

Inflection

Conjugation of *delbaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*delbō	*delbaų	—	*delbai	?
2nd singular	*dilbizi	*delbaiz	*delb	*delbazai	*delbaizau
3rd singular	*dilbidi	*delbai	*delbadau	*delbadai	*delbaidau
1st dual	*delbōz	*delbaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*delbadiz	*delbaidiz	*delbadiz	—	—
1st plural	*delbamaz	*delbaim	—	*delbandai	*delbaindau
2nd plural	*dilbid	*delbaid	*dilbid	*delbandai	*delbaindau
3rd plural	*delbandi	*delbain	*delbandau	*delbandai	*delbaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*dalb	*dulbį̄
2nd singular	*dalft	*dulbīz
3rd singular	*dalb	*dulbī
1st dual	*dulbū	*dulbīw
2nd dual	*dulbudiz	*dulbīdiz
1st plural	*dulbum	*dulbīm
2nd plural	*dulbud	*dulbīd
3rd plural	*dulbun	*dulbīn
	present	past
participles	*delbandz	*dulbanaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *delban
  • Old English: delfan
    • Middle English: delven
      • Scots: delve
      • English: delve
  • Old Frisian: delva
    • West Frisian: dolle
  • Old Saxon: *delvan (in compounds: bidelvan)
    • Middle Low German: delven
      • Low German: dölven
  • Old Dutch: *delvan
    • Middle Dutch: delven
      • Dutch: delven
        • Afrikaans: delf, delwe
      • Limburgish: dèlve
  • Old High German: *telpan, *telban (in compounds: bitelban)
    • Middle High German: tëlben, dëlben
      • German: delben, telben (dialectal)