Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brimmaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem- (“to make noise”). This verb is closely related to *bremaną, the geminate 'm' in the root seems to have arisen due to the influence of the iterative verb *brummōną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbrim.mɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*brimmaną

1. to drone, to hum
2. to roar

Inflection

Conjugation of *brimmaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*brimmō	*brimmaų	—	*brimmai	?
2nd singular	*brimmizi	*brimmaiz	*brimm	*brimmazai	*brimmaizau
3rd singular	*brimmidi	*brimmai	*brimmadau	*brimmadai	*brimmaidau
1st dual	*brimmōz	*brimmaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*brimmadiz	*brimmaidiz	*brimmadiz	—	—
1st plural	*brimmamaz	*brimmaim	—	*brimmandai	*brimmaindau
2nd plural	*brimmid	*brimmaid	*brimmid	*brimmandai	*brimmaindau
3rd plural	*brimmandi	*brimmain	*brimmandau	*brimmandai	*brimmaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*bramm	*brummį̄
2nd singular	*brammt	*brummīz
3rd singular	*bramm	*brummī
1st dual	*brummū	*brummīw
2nd dual	*brummudiz	*brummīdiz
1st plural	*brummum	*brummīm
2nd plural	*brummud	*brummīd
3rd plural	*brummun	*brummīn
	present	past
participles	*brimmandz	*brummanaz

Related terms

• *bramjaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *brimman
  • Old Saxon: *brimman
    • Middle Low German: brimmen
  • Old Dutch: *brimman
    • Middle Dutch: brimmen
  • Old High German: *brimman
    • Middle High German: brimmen