Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ardiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of disputed origin:

• From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-tey-s, from *h₂er- (“to join, fit together”); see also *armaz (“arm”), Latin ars (“art”).
• Perhaps from a specialized use of *ardiz, a by-form of *arþiz (“plough; acre; farmland”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) (whence also *arjaną (“to plow”) and *arþrą (“plow”); compare Latin area). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑr.ðiz/

Noun

*ardiz m or f

1. characteristic; inborn quality
2. nature; character
3. type; kind; manner; sort

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *ardiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ardiz	*ardīz
vocative	*ardi	*ardīz
accusative	*ardį	*ardinz
genitive	*ardīz	*ardijǫ̂
dative	*ardī	*ardimaz
instrumental	*ardī	*ardimiz

Descendants

• Old English: eard
  • Middle English: erd, ard; art (“locality, district”)
    • Scots: airt
• Old Frisian: *ard, *erd
  • Saterland Frisian: Oard
  • West Frisian: aard
• Old Saxon: *ard
  • Middle Low German: art, ārt
    • German Low German: Aard
• Old Dutch: *ard
  • Middle Dutch: aert
    • Dutch: aard
      • Afrikaans: aard
• Old High German: art
  • Middle High German: art
    • Bavarian: Årt
    • Central Franconian: Aad, Aat, Aart

      Kölsch: Aat

    • German: Art
      • → Danish: art
      • → Swedish: art
      • → Norwegian: art
    • Luxembourgish: Aart
• Old Norse: arðr (in einarðr)
  • Icelandic: arður