Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aljaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑl.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”). Alternative etymology derives from *h₁elh₂- (“to spur, drive”). If so, then related to *lanō (“lane”).

Noun

*aljaną n

1. zeal, eagerness
2. strength, courage

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *aljaną (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*aljaną	*aljanō
vocative	*aljaną	*aljanō
accusative	*aljaną	*aljanō
genitive	*aljanas, *aljanis	*aljanǫ̂
dative	*aljanai	*aljanamaz
instrumental	*aljanō	*aljanamiz

Derived terms

• *aljanōną

Related terms

• *aljô (“rival”)
• *aljǭ (“zeal”)

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *alljan
  • Old English: ellen
    • Middle English: ellen
      • English: ellen, elne
  • Old Saxon: ellian
    • Middle Low German: ellen, ellent
  • Old High German: ellan
    • Middle High German: ellen
• Proto-Norse:
  • Old Norse: eljan, eljun
    • Icelandic: eljan, eljun, elja
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (aljan)

Etymology 2

From *alaną +‎ *-janą.

Verb

*aljaną

1. to cause to grow and mature, to fatten

Inflection

Conjugation of *aljaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*aljō	*aljaų	—	*aljai	?
2nd singular	*alisi	*aljais	*ali	*aljasai	*aljaisau
3rd singular	*aliþi	*aljai	*aljaþau	*aljaþai	*aljaiþau
1st dual	*aljōs	*aljaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*aljaþiz	*aljaiþiz	*aljaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*aljamaz	*aljaim	—	*aljanþai	*aljainþau
2nd plural	*aliþ	*aljaiþ	*aliþ	*aljanþai	*aljainþau
3rd plural	*aljanþi	*aljain	*aljanþau	*aljanþai	*aljainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*alidǭ	*alidēdį̄
2nd singular	*alidēz	*alidēdīz
3rd singular	*alidē	*alidēdī
1st dual	*alidēdū	*alidēdīw
2nd dual	*alidēdudiz	*alidēdīdiz
1st plural	*alidēdum	*alidēdīm
2nd plural	*alidēdud	*alidēdīd
3rd plural	*alidēdun	*alidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*aljandz	*alidaz

Descendants

• Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (aljan)