Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aglijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *aglaz (“painful”) or *agluz (“difficult”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑɣ.li.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*aglijaną

1. to damage; offend

Inflection

Conjugation of *aglijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*aglijō	*aglijaų	—	*aglijai	?
2nd singular	*aglīsi	*aglijais	*aglī	*aglijasai	*aglijaisau
3rd singular	*aglīþi	*aglijai	*aglijaþau	*aglijaþai	*aglijaiþau
1st dual	*aglijōs	*aglijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*aglijaþiz	*aglijaiþiz	*aglijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*aglijamaz	*aglijaim	—	*aglijanþai	*aglijainþau
2nd plural	*aglīþ	*aglijaiþ	*aglīþ	*aglijanþai	*aglijainþau
3rd plural	*aglijanþi	*aglijain	*aglijanþau	*aglijanþai	*aglijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*aglidǭ	*aglidēdį̄
2nd singular	*aglidēz	*aglidēdīz
3rd singular	*aglidē	*aglidēdī
1st dual	*aglidēdū	*aglidēdīw
2nd dual	*aglidēdudiz	*aglidēdīdiz
1st plural	*aglidēdum	*aglidēdīm
2nd plural	*aglidēdud	*aglidēdīd
3rd plural	*aglidēdun	*aglidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*aglijandz	*aglidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *aglijan
  • Old English: eġlan, eġlian, elan
    • Middle English: eilen, eilien, alen
      • English: ail
      • Scots: ail
      • Yola: teil
  • >? Old Saxon: *eglan
    • Middle Low German: egelen, echelen, ekelen, eichelen
      • Low German: aicheln
      • → German: ekeln
        • → Luxembourgish: eekelen
• Old Norse: *egla
  • Norwegian: egla
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan)