Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þukkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *þukkōþi ~ *þugunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *tuk-nā́-ti ~ *tuk-un-ánti, iterative from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewk- (“to shove, push”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθuk.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þukkōną

1. to shove, push out of the way

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *þukk- in the singular, *þug- in the non-singular.

Conjugation of *þukkōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þukkō	*þukkǭ	—	*þukkōi	?
2nd singular	*þukkōsi	*þukkōs	*þukkō	*þukkōsai	*þukkōsau
3rd singular	*þukkōþi	*þukkō	*þukkōþau	*þukkōþai	*þukkōþau
1st dual	*þukkōs	*þukkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þukkōþiz	*þukkōþiz	*þukkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þukkōmaz	*þukkōm	—	*þukkōnþai	*þukkōnþau
2nd plural	*þukkōþ	*þukkōþ	*þukkōþ	*þukkōnþai	*þukkōnþau
3rd plural	*þukkōnþi	*þukkōn	*þukkōnþau	*þukkōnþai	*þukkōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þukkōdǭ	*þukkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*þukkōdēz	*þukkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*þukkōdē	*þukkōdēdī
1st dual	*þukkōdēdū	*þukkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*þukkōdēdudiz	*þukkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*þukkōdēdum	*þukkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*þukkōdēdud	*þukkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*þukkōdēdun	*þukkōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*þukkōndz	*þukkōdaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *þukkōn, *þokōn
  • Old English: *þocian
    • ⇒ Old English: þocerian
  • ⇒ Old English: *þucc
    • >? Middle English: thucke (“nasty trick, harm”)
  • Old High German: *duh, *duk
    • >? Middle High German: duc, tuc (“push, blow”)
      • German: Tuck (dialectal)
• Old Norse: þoka (“to move, give way, budge”)
  • Icelandic: þoka
  • Faroese: toka
  • Norwegian: toka, tokka
  • →⇒? Middle English: thoke (adj)
    • ⇒ English: thokish (dialectal)
    • ⇒ English: thoky (dialectal)
• ⇒ Old Norse: þukla
  • Icelandic: þukla
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: tukla, tukle
  • Norwegian Bokmål: tukle

References

• Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN