Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrangwijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *þrinhwaną +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθrɑŋʷ.ɡʷi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þrangwijaną

1. to cause to press
2. to push, to force

Inflection

Conjugation of *þrangwijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þrangwijō	*þrangwijaų	—	*þrangwijai	?
2nd singular	*þrangwīsi	*þrangwijais	*þrangwī	*þrangwijasai	*þrangwijaisau
3rd singular	*þrangwīþi	*þrangwijai	*þrangwijaþau	*þrangwijaþai	*þrangwijaiþau
1st dual	*þrangwijōs	*þrangwijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þrangwijaþiz	*þrangwijaiþiz	*þrangwijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þrangwijamaz	*þrangwijaim	—	*þrangwijanþai	*þrangwijainþau
2nd plural	*þrangwīþ	*þrangwijaiþ	*þrangwīþ	*þrangwijanþai	*þrangwijainþau
3rd plural	*þrangwijanþi	*þrangwijain	*þrangwijanþau	*þrangwijanþai	*þrangwijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þrangwidǭ	*þrangwidēdį̄
2nd singular	*þrangwidēz	*þrangwidēdīz
3rd singular	*þrangwidē	*þrangwidēdī
1st dual	*þrangwidēdū	*þrangwidēdīw
2nd dual	*þrangwidēdudiz	*þrangwidēdīdiz
1st plural	*þrangwidēdum	*þrangwidēdīm
2nd plural	*þrangwidēdud	*þrangwidēdīd
3rd plural	*þrangwidēdun	*þrangwidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*þrangwijandz	*þrangwidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *þrangwijan
  • Old English: *þrengan
    • Middle English: threngen (possibly also via Old Norse)
  • Old Saxon: *threngian
    • Middle Low German: drengen
      • German Low German: drängen
  • Old Dutch: *threngen
    • Middle Dutch: drengen
  • Old High German: drengen
    • Middle High German: drengen
      • German: drängen (merged with drangen)
      • Luxembourgish: drängen
• Old Norse: þrøngva
  • Icelandic: þröngva
  • Old Swedish: þrængia
    • Swedish: tränga
  • Norwegian: trenge
  • Danish: trænge