Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vihat'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]*vihat'ak (stem *vihada-)
- to hate
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *vihat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *vihadan | *vihacin | — | *vihatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *vihadat | *vihacit | *vihadak | *vihatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *vihadapi *vihat |
*vihaci | *vihatkasën | *vihatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *vihadakmëk *vihadakmak |
*vihacimëk *vihacimak |
*vihatkatëmëk *vihatkatamak |
*vihatkotëmëk *vihatkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *vihadaktëk *vihadaktak |
*vihacidëk *vihacidak |
*vihatkatë *vihatkata |
*vihatkot'ëk *vihatkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *vihadabat *vihat |
*vihaci | *vihatkasën | *vihatkosën |
| passive | *vihadaksën *vihadat'aksën |
*vihattisën *vihadattihën |
*vihattakahën *vihadattagasën |
*vihattakohën *vihadattagosën |
| connegative | *vihadak | — | *vihatkak | *vihatkok |
| passive connegative | *vihadaktak | — | *vihattagak *vihadattagak |
*vihattagok *vihadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *vihadakcin | *vihacicin | *vihannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *vihadakcit | *vihacicit | *vihannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *vihadakci | *vihacici | *vihanni | |
| 1st plur. | *vihadakcimëk *vihadakcimak |
*vihacicimëk *vihacicimak |
*vihannëmëk *vihannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *vihadakcidëk *vihadakcidak |
*vihacicidëk *vihacicidak |
*vihannëdëk *vihannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *vihadakci | *vihacici | *vihanni | |
| passive | *vihat'akcihën *vihadat'akcisën |
*vihatticihën *vihadatticisën |
*vihattanëhën *vihadattanësën | |
| connegative | *vihadakcik | *vihacicik | *vihannëk | |
| passive connegative | *vihat'akcik *vihadat'akcik |
*vihatticik *vihadatticik |
*vihattanëk *vihadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *vihat'ak | present | *vihadapa | *vihattapa *vihadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *vihattë- | past | *vihannut | *vihattu *vihadattu |
| gerund/supine | *vihadama | |||
| action noun | *vihadaminen | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: vihkama/vihata
- Finnish: vihata
- Ingrian: vihata
- → Votic: vihatõ
- Karelian: vihata
- Livonian: vi’jjõ
- Livvi: vihata
- Võro: vihkama/vihadaq
Further reading
[edit]- “vihkama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012