Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauta

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”), but the immediate source is uncertain. The word has been traditionally considered to reflect Proto-Germanic *raudan- (compare Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)), a derivative of *raudaz (“red”), but origin from Balto-Slavic is also possible (Kallio 2006), perhaps from a form *raudā- corresponding to late Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”).

Noun

*rauta

1. iron

Inflection

Inflection of *rauta

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*rauta	*raudat
accusative		*raudan	*raudat
genitive		*raudan	*rautadën *rautëidën
partitive		*rautada	*rautëida
inessive		*raudassa *raudahna	*raudëissa *raudëihna
elative		*raudasta	*raudëista
illative		*rautahën	*rautëihën
adessive		*raudalla	*raudëilla
ablative		*raudalta	*raudëilta
allative		*rautalën *rautalëk	*rautëilën *rautëilëk
essive		*rautana	*rautëina
translative		*raudaksi	*raudëiksi
instructive		*raudan	*raudëin
comitative		*rautanëk	*rautëinëk
abessive		*raudatta	*raudëitta

Coordinate terms

• *vaski

Derived terms

• *rautainën

Descendants

• Estonian: raud
• Finnish: rauta
• Ingrian: rauta
• Karelian: rauta, rauda
• Livonian: rōda
• Livvi: raudu
• Ludian: raud
• Veps: raud
• Võro: raud
• Votic: rautõ
• ? → Proto-Samic: *ruovtē

References

• “raud”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Kallio, Petri (2006). On the Earliest Slavic Loanwords in Finnic. In Slavica Helsingiensia 27. Helsinki. →ISBN.
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN