Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/werteti
Appearance
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”).[1]
Verb
[edit]*werteti
- to turn over
Inflection
[edit]Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Active voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *wertū | *wertemam | *wiwritsū | *weworta |
2nd singular | *wertesi | *wertetās | *wiwritsesi | *wewortas? |
3rd singular | *werteti | *werteto | *wiwritseti | *weworte |
1st plural | *wertomosi | *wertemo | *wiwritsomosi | *wewortmo |
2nd plural | *wertetesi | *wertestē | *wiwritsetesi | *weworsse |
3rd plural | *wertonti | *wertento | *wiwritsonti | *wewortars |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *wertsū | ? | — | |
2nd singular | *wertsesi | ? | *werte | |
3rd singular | *wertseti | ? | *wertetou | |
1st plural | *wertsomosi | ? | *wertomos | |
2nd plural | *wertsetesi | ? | *wertete | |
3rd plural | *wertsonti | ? | *wertontou | |
Passive voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *wertūr | — | *wiwritsūr | *wewortra |
2nd singular | *wertetar | — | *wiwritsetar | *wewortras? |
3rd singular | *wertetor | ? | *wiwritsetor | *wewortre |
1st plural | *wertommor | — | *wiwritsommor | ? |
2nd plural | *wertedwe | — | *wiwritsedwe | ? |
3rd plural | *wertontor | ? | *wiwritsontor | ? |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *wertsūr | — | — | |
2nd singular | *wertsetar | — | — | |
3rd singular | *wertsetor | — | — | |
1st plural | *wertsommor | — | — | |
2nd plural | *wertsedwe | — | — | |
3rd plural | *wertsontor | — | — |
Declension of the past participle | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *wrissos | *wrissou | *wrissoi |
vocative | *wrisse | *wrissou | *wrissoi |
accusative | *wrissom | *wrissou | *wrissoms |
genitive | *wrissī | *wrissous | *wrissom |
dative | *wrissūi | *wrissobom | *wrissobos |
instrumental | *wrissū | *wrissobim | *wrissobis |
feminine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *wrissā | *wrissai | *wrissās |
vocative | *wrissā | *wrissai | *wrissās |
accusative | *wrissam | *wrissai | *wrissams |
genitive | *wrissās | *wrissous | *wrissom |
dative | *wrissai | *wrissābom | *wrissābos |
instrumental | *? | *wrissābim | *wrissābis |
neuter | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *wrissom | *wrissou | *wrissā |
vocative | *wrissom | *wrissou | *wrissā |
accusative | *wrissom | *wrissou | *wrissā |
genitive | *wrissī | *wrissous | *wrissom |
dative | *wrissūi | *wrissobom | *wrissobos |
instrumental | *wrissū | *wrissobim | *wrissobis |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Brythonic: (shifting to mean "to sell")
- ⇒ Old Irish: ad·ferta (changed to a weak verb)
References
[edit]- ^ Le Mair, Esther (2011 September 30) Secondary Verbs in Old Irish: A comparative-historical study of patterns of verbal derivation in the Old Irish Glosses, Galway: National University of Ireland, page 83