Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/teɸnets

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“be warm”) (compare *tépos (“heat, warmth”)), likely through an intermediate s-stem *tep-n-ḗs, with the nasal infixed perhaps by influence of the participle *téponts, if not derived from an r/n-stem heteroclitic.

Along with *aidu ~ *aidus, presumably displaced inherited reflexes of the PIE fire terms *h₁n̥gʷnís and *péh₂wr̥, which left no trace in attested Celtic.

Noun

*teɸnets m

1. fire

   Synonyms: *aidu, *gʷorno-

Declension

Masculine/feminine consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*teɸnets	*teɸnete	*teɸnetes
vocative	*teɸnets	*teɸnete	*teɸnetes
accusative	*teɸnetam	*teɸnete	*teɸnetams
genitive	*teɸnetos	*teɸnetou	*teɸnetom
dative	*teɸnetei	*teɸnetobom	*teɸnetobos
locative	*teɸneti	—	—
instrumental	*teɸnete?	*teɸnetobim	*teɸnetobis

Related terms

• *teɸesmos

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *tan (from zero-grade ablaut alternant *taɸnet-)
  • Old Breton: tan
    • Middle Breton: tan
      • Breton: tan
  • Old Cornish: tan
    • Middle Cornish: tan
      • Cornish: tan
  • Middle Welsh: tan
    • Welsh: tân
• Old Irish: teine
  • Irish: tine
  • Manx: çhenney
  • Scottish Gaelic: teine

References

• Matasović, Ranko (2009) “tefnet-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 375
• Celtic Lexicon - University of Wales