Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/longīti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Unknown. Connected to a root *(s)lewg- (whence also Ancient Greek λύζω (lúzō, “to hiccup”)) since Pokorny,^[1] but Jørgensen points out that comparisons in this vein do not work since in the Celtic verb, the *-n- is not a nasal infix; in fact, the *-n- belongs to its root.^[2]

Verb

*longīti

to eat, consume, have a meal

Inflection

Ī-present
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*longeyū	*longīmam	?	—
2nd singular	*longīsi	*longītās	?	—
3rd singular	*longīti	*longīto	?	—
1st plural	*longeyomosi	*longīmo	?	—
2nd plural	*longītesi	*longīstē	?	—
3rd plural	*longeyonti	*longīnto	?	—
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	?	—
2nd singular	?	?	*longī
3rd singular	?	?	*longītou
1st plural	?	?	*longeyomos
2nd plural	?	?	*longīte
3rd plural	?	?	*longeyontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*longeyūr	—	?	—
2nd singular	*longītar	—	?	—
3rd singular	*longītor	?	?	—
1st plural	*longeyommor	—	?	—
2nd plural	*longīdwe	—	?	—
3rd plural	*longeyontor	?	?	—
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	—	—
2nd singular	?	—	—
3rd singular	?	—	—
1st plural	?	—	—
2nd plural	?	—	—
3rd plural	?	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longeyonts	*longeyonte	*longeyontes
vocative	*longeyonts	*longeyonte	*longeyontes
accusative	*longeyontam	*longeyonte	*longeyontans
genitive	*longeyantos	*?	*longeyantom
dative	*longeyantei	*longeyantbom	*longeyantbos
instrumental	*longeyantī?	*longeyantbim	*longeyantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longeyantī	*longeyantī	*longeyantiyās
vocative	*longeyantī	*longeyantī	*longeyantiyās
accusative	*longeyantīm	*longeyantī	*longeyantiyans
genitive	*longeyantyās	*?	*longeyantyom
dative	*longeyantyāi	*longeyantyābom	*longeyantyābos
instrumental	*?	*longeyantyābim	*longeyantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longeyont	*?	*longeyonta
vocative	*longeyont	*?	*longeyonta
accusative	*longeyont	*?	*longeyonta
genitive	*longeyantos	*?	*longeyantom
dative	*longeyantei	*?	*longeyantbos
instrumental	*longeyantī?	*?	*longeyantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longeyomnos	*longeyomnou	*longeyomnoi
vocative	*longeyomne	*longeyomnou	*longeyomnoi
accusative	*longeyomnom	*longeyomnou	*longeyomnons
genitive	*longeyomnī	*longeyomnous	*longeyomnom
dative	*longeyomnūi	*longeyomnobom	*longeyomnobos
instrumental	*longeyomnū	*longeyomnobim	*longeyomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longeyomnā	*longeyomnai	*longeyomnās
vocative	*longeyomnā	*longeyomnai	*longeyomnās
accusative	*longeyomnam	*longeyomnai	*longeyomnans
genitive	*longeyomnās	*longeyomnous	*longeyomnom
dative	*longeyomnai	*longeyomnābom	*longeyomnābos
instrumental	*?	*longeyomnābim	*longeyomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longeyomnom	*longeyomnou	*longeyomnā
vocative	*longeyomnom	*longeyomnou	*longeyomnā
accusative	*longeyomnom	*longeyomnou	*longeyomnā
genitive	*longeyomnī	*longeyomnous	*longeyomnom
dative	*longeyomnūi	*longeyomnobom	*longeyomnobos
instrumental	*longeyomnū	*longeyomnobim	*longeyomnobis

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longetos	*longetou	*longetoi
vocative	*longete	*longetou	*longetoi
accusative	*longetom	*longetou	*longetons
genitive	*longetī	*longetous	*longetom
dative	*longetūi	*longetobom	*longetobos
instrumental	*longetū	*longetobim	*longetobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longetā	*longetai	*longetās
vocative	*longetā	*longetai	*longetās
accusative	*longetam	*longetai	*longetans
genitive	*longetās	*longetous	*longetom
dative	*longetai	*longetābom	*longetābos
instrumental	*?	*longetābim	*longetābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*longetom	*longetou	*longetā
vocative	*longetom	*longetou	*longetā
accusative	*longetom	*longetou	*longetā
genitive	*longetī	*longetous	*longetom
dative	*longetūi	*longetobom	*longetobos
instrumental	*longetū	*longetobim	*longetobis

Derived terms

*long-e-tus
- Old Irish: longud
  - Middle Irish: longad
    - Irish: longadh
    - Scottish Gaelic: longadh
*long-ī-mā
- Proto-Brythonic: *lüngiβ̃ (“breakfast”)
  - Middle Breton: leiff
    - Breton: lein
  - Middle Cornish: ly
    - Cornish: li
*kentu-long-os (“early meal; fasting”)

Descendants

Old Irish: loingid
- Middle Irish: loingid

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2011 December) “Addenda et corrigenda to Ranko Matasović’s Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)”, in Homepage of Ranko Matasović‎^[1], Zagreb, page 36
^ Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2008) “Middle Breton leiff, Middle Cornish ly ‘Breakfast, Lunch’”, in Keltische Forschungen, volume 3, Vienna: Praesens Verlag, pages 89-102

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2011 December) “Addenda et corrigenda to Ranko Matasović’s Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)”, in Homepage of Ranko Matasović‎^[1], Zagreb, page 36

[2] Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2008) “Middle Breton leiff, Middle Cornish ly ‘Breakfast, Lunch’”, in Keltische Forschungen, volume 3, Vienna: Praesens Verlag, pages 89-102

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