Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kounos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Traditionally compared to Sanskrit शोण (śoṇa, “crimson red”), setting up a common etymon *ḱów-no- (“luminous”).^[1] Schrijver alternatively derives this from Proto-Indo-European *kup-nó-s, from the same root as Latin cupiō (“to desire”).^[2]

Adjective

*kounos

beautiful

Inflection

O/ā-stem
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kounos	*kounou	*kounoi
vocative	*koune	*kounou	*kounoi
accusative	*kounom	*kounou	*kounons
genitive	*kounī	*kounous	*kounom
dative	*kounūi	*kounobom	*kounobos
instrumental	*kounū	*kounobim	*kounobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kounā	*kounai	*kounās
vocative	*kounā	*kounai	*kounās
accusative	*kounam	*kounai	*kounans
genitive	*kounās	*kounous	*kounom
dative	*kounai	*kounābom	*kounābos
instrumental	*?	*kounābim	*kounābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kounom	*kounou	*kounā
vocative	*kounom	*kounou	*kounā
accusative	*kounom	*kounou	*kounā
genitive	*kounī	*kounous	*kounom
dative	*kounūi	*kounobom	*kounobos
instrumental	*kounū	*kounobim	*kounobis

Declension of the comparative
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kounyūs	*?	*kounyoses
vocative	*kounyūs	*?	*kounyoses
accusative	*kounyosam	*?	*kounyosans
genitive	*kounisos	*?	*kounisom
dative	*kounisei	*?	*kounisbos
instrumental	*kounisī	*?	*kounisbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kounyūs	*?	*kounyoses
vocative	*kounyūs	*?	*kounyoses
accusative	*kounyosam	*?	*kounyosans
genitive	*kounisos	*?	*kounisom
dative	*kounisei	*?	*kounisbos
instrumental	*kounisī	*?	*kounisbis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kounis	*?	*?
vocative	*kounis	*?	*?
accusative	*kounis	*?	*?
genitive	*kounisos	*?	*kounisom
dative	*kounisei	*?	*kounisbos
instrumental	*kounisī	*?	*kounisbis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *kʉn
- Middle Welsh: cun
  - Welsh: cun
⇒ Middle Irish: cúanna (“fine, noble, fair”) (suffixed with -dae)
- Irish: cuanna
Gaulish: Counos
- → Latin: Counus, Caunus
- →⇒ Latin: Caunius, Caunia, Caunō

References

^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “counos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 128
^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 348

[1] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “counos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 128

[2] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 348

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