Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kaneti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂néti (“to sing”), from the root *keh₂n-. Cognate with Latin canere (“to sing, chant, sound, play (an instrument)”) and possibly Sanskrit कणति (kaṇati, “to make noise, cry out, call”).

Verb

*kaneti

1. to sing

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*kanū	*kanemam	*kikanasū	*kekāna
2nd singular	*kanesi	*kanetās	*kikanasesi	*kekānas?
3rd singular	*kaneti	*kaneto	*kikanaseti	*kekāne
1st plural	*kanomosi	*kanemo	*kikanasomosi	*kekānmo
2nd plural	*kanetesi	*kanestē	*kikanasetesi	*kekāne
3rd plural	*kanonti	*kanento	*kikanasonti	*kekānars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*kanasū	?	—
2nd singular	*kanasesi	?	*kane
3rd singular	*kanaseti	?	*kanetou
1st plural	*kanasomosi	?	*kanomos
2nd plural	*kanasetesi	?	*kanete
3rd plural	*kanasonti	?	*kanontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*kanūr	—	*kikanasūr	*kekānra
2nd singular	*kanetar	—	*kikanasetar	*kekānras?
3rd singular	*kanetor	?	*kikanasetor	*kekānre
1st plural	*kanommor	—	*kikanasommor	?
2nd plural	*kanedwe	—	*kikanasedwe	?
3rd plural	*kanontor	?	*kikanasontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*kanasūr	—	—
2nd singular	*kanasetar	—	—
3rd singular	*kanasetor	—	—
1st plural	*kanasommor	—	—
2nd plural	*kanasedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*kanasontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kanonts	*kanonte	*kanontes
vocative	*kanonts	*kanonte	*kanontes
accusative	*kanontam	*kanonte	*kanontans
genitive	*kanantos	*?	*kanantom
dative	*kanantei	*kanantbom	*kanantbos
instrumental	*kanantī?	*kanantbim	*kanantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kanantī	*kanantī	*kanantiyās
vocative	*kanantī	*kanantī	*kanantiyās
accusative	*kanantīm	*kanantī	*kanantiyans
genitive	*kanantyās	*?	*kanantyom
dative	*kanantyāi	*kanantyābom	*kanantyābos
instrumental	*?	*kanantyābim	*kanantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kanont	*?	*kanonta
vocative	*kanont	*?	*kanonta
accusative	*kanont	*?	*kanonta
genitive	*kanantos	*?	*kanantom
dative	*kanantei	*?	*kanantbos
instrumental	*kanantī?	*?	*kanantbis

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kantos	*kantou	*kantoi
vocative	*kante	*kantou	*kantoi
accusative	*kantom	*kantou	*kantons
genitive	*kantī	*kantous	*kantom
dative	*kantūi	*kantobom	*kantobos
instrumental	*kantū	*kantobim	*kantobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kantā	*kantai	*kantās
vocative	*kantā	*kantai	*kantās
accusative	*kantam	*kantai	*kantans
genitive	*kantās	*kantous	*kantom
dative	*kantai	*kantābom	*kantābos
instrumental	*?	*kantābim	*kantābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kantom	*kantou	*kantā
vocative	*kantom	*kantou	*kantā
accusative	*kantom	*kantou	*kantā
genitive	*kantī	*kantous	*kantom
dative	*kantūi	*kantobom	*kantobos
instrumental	*kantū	*kantobim	*kantobis

Derived terms

• *kantlom
• *toɸareuɸokaneti

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *kėnɨd
  • Middle Breton: canaff
    • Breton: kanañ
  • Cornish: kana
  • Old Welsh: canam
    • Middle Welsh: canu
      • Welsh: canu
• Old Irish: canaid
  • Irish: can
  • Scottish Gaelic: can