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-oa

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Classical Nahuatl

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-oa

  1. (transitive) Instrumental verbal suffix; usually, but not exclusively, appended to nouns to create verbs. Transitive counterpart of -ihui.

Derived terms

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Conflated:

Suffix

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-oa (front vowel harmony variant -öä, stem -o-, linguistic notation -O- or -OA)

  1. Forms frequentative and continuative verbs, primarily from nouns or verbs ending in -ta or -ata, but also from adverbs.

Conjugation

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Inflection of -oa (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -on en -o 1st sing. olen -onut en ole -onut
2nd sing. -ot et -o 2nd sing. olet -onut et ole -onut
3rd sing. -oo ei -o 3rd sing. on -onut ei ole -onut
1st plur. -omme emme -o 1st plur. olemme -oneet emme ole -oneet
2nd plur. -otte ette -o 2nd plur. olette -oneet ette ole -oneet
3rd plur. -ovat eivät -o 3rd plur. ovat -oneet eivät ole -oneet
passive -otaan ei -ota passive on -ottu ei ole -ottu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -oin en -onut 1st sing. olin -onut en ollut -onut
2nd sing. -oit et -onut 2nd sing. olit -onut et ollut -onut
3rd sing. -oi ei -onut 3rd sing. oli -onut ei ollut -onut
1st plur. -oimme emme -oneet 1st plur. olimme -oneet emme olleet -oneet
2nd plur. -oitte ette -oneet 2nd plur. olitte -oneet ette olleet -oneet
3rd plur. -oivat eivät -oneet 3rd plur. olivat -oneet eivät olleet -oneet
passive -ottiin ei -ottu passive oli -ottu ei ollut -ottu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -oisin en -oisi 1st sing. olisin -onut en olisi -onut
2nd sing. -oisit et -oisi 2nd sing. olisit -onut et olisi -onut
3rd sing. -oisi ei -oisi 3rd sing. olisi -onut ei olisi -onut
1st plur. -oisimme emme -oisi 1st plur. olisimme -oneet emme olisi -oneet
2nd plur. -oisitte ette -oisi 2nd plur. olisitte -oneet ette olisi -oneet
3rd plur. -oisivat eivät -oisi 3rd plur. olisivat -oneet eivät olisi -oneet
passive -ottaisiin ei -ottaisi passive olisi -ottu ei olisi -ottu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. 1st sing.
2nd sing. -o älä -o 2nd sing.
3rd sing. -okoon älköön -oko 3rd sing. olkoon -onut älköön olko -onut
1st plur. -okaamme älkäämme -oko 1st plur.
2nd plur. -okaa älkää -oko 2nd plur.
3rd plur. -okoot älkööt -oko 3rd plur. olkoot -oneet älkööt olko -oneet
passive -ottakoon älköön -ottako passive olkoon -ottu älköön olko -ottu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -onen en -one 1st sing. lienen -onut en liene -onut
2nd sing. -onet et -one 2nd sing. lienet -onut et liene -onut
3rd sing. -onee ei -one 3rd sing. lienee -onut ei liene -onut
1st plur. -onemme emme -one 1st plur. lienemme -oneet emme liene -oneet
2nd plur. -onette ette -one 2nd plur. lienette -oneet ette liene -oneet
3rd plur. -onevat eivät -one 3rd plur. lienevät -oneet eivät liene -oneet
passive -ottaneen ei -ottane passive lienee -ottu ei liene -ottu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st -oa present -ova -ottava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st -oakseni -oaksemme
2nd -oaksesi -oaksenne
3rd -oakseen
-oaksensa
past -onut -ottu
2nd inessive2 -oessa -ottaessa agent4 -oma
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st -oessani -oessamme
2nd -oessasi -oessanne
3rd -oessaan
-oessansa
negative -omaton
instructive -oen
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive -omassa
elative -omasta
illative -omaan
adessive -omalla
abessive -omatta
instructive -oman -ottaman
4th3 verbal noun -ominen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st -omaisillani -omaisillamme
2nd -omaisillasi -omaisillanne
3rd -omaisillaan
-omaisillansa

Note that if the stem has gradation, it is (almost always) preserved.

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Swahili

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Suffix

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-oa

  1. mid vowel variant of -ua