-lyog
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]See at -log.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-lyog
Usage notes
[edit]- (frequentative verb-forming suffix) Variants:
- -log is added to back-vowel words
- társalog (“to chat”)
- -leg is added to unrounded front-vowel words
- szédeleg (“to feel dizzy”)
- -lög is added to rounded front-vowel words
- -lyog is added to back-vowel words
- mosolyog (“to smile”)
- -lyeg is added to unrounded front-vowel words
- tévelyeg (“to err, stray”)
- -lyög is added to rounded front-vowel words
- hömpölyög (“to billow”)
- -log is added to back-vowel words
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of -lyog
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -lygok | -lyogsz | -lyog | -lygunk | -lyogtok | -lyognak | |
| Def. | -lygom | -lygod | -lyogja | -lyogjuk | -lyogjátok | -lyogják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyoglak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | -lyogtam | -lyogtál | -lygott | -lyogtunk | -lyogtatok | -lyogtak | ||
| Def. | -lyogtam | -lyogtad | -lyogta | -lyogtuk | -lyogtátok | -lyogták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyogtalak | ― | |||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -lyogni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -lygék | -lygál | -lyga | -lygánk | -lygátok | -lygának | ||
| Def. | -lygám | -lygád | -lygá | -lygánk | -lygátok | -lygák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lygálak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -lyog vala, -lygott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -lygandok | -lygandasz | -lygand | -lygandunk | -lygandotok | -lygandanak | ||
| Def. | -lygandom | -lygandod | -lygandja | -lygandjuk | -lygandjátok | -lygandják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lygandalak | ― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -lyognék | -lyognál | -lyogna | -lyognánk | -lyognátok | -lyognának | |
| Def. | -lyognám | -lyognád | -lyogná | -lyognánk (or -lyognók) |
-lyognátok | -lyognák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyognálak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -lygott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -lyogjak | -lyogj or -lyogjál |
-lyogjon | -lyogjunk | -lyogjatok | -lyogjanak | |
| Def. | -lyogjam | -lyogd or -lyogjad |
-lyogja | -lyogjuk | -lyogjátok | -lyogják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyogjalak | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -lygott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | -lyogni | -lyognom | -lyognod | -lyognia | -lyognunk | -lyognotok | -lyogniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| -lygás | -lygó | -lygott | -lygandó | -lyogva (-lyogván) | |||||
| The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of -lyog
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -lyoghatok | -lyoghatsz | -lyoghat | -lyoghatunk | -lyoghattok | -lyoghatnak | |
| Def. | -lyoghatom | -lyoghatod | -lyoghatja | -lyoghatjuk | -lyoghatjátok | -lyoghatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyoghatlak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | -lyoghattam | -lyoghattál | -lyoghatott | -lyoghattunk | -lyoghattatok | -lyoghattak | ||
| Def. | -lyoghattam | -lyoghattad | -lyoghatta | -lyoghattuk | -lyoghattátok | -lyoghatták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyoghattalak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -lyoghaték | -lyoghatál | -lyoghata | -lyoghatánk | -lyoghatátok | -lyoghatának | ||
| Def. | -lyoghatám | -lyoghatád | -lyoghatá | -lyoghatánk | -lyoghatátok | -lyoghaták | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyoghatálak | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -lyoghat vala, -lyoghatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -lyoghatandok or -lygandhatok |
-lyoghatandasz or -lygandhatsz |
-lyoghatand or -lygandhat |
-lyoghatandunk or -lygandhatunk |
-lyoghatandotok or -lygandhattok |
-lyoghatandanak or -lygandhatnak | ||
| Def. | -lyoghatandom or -lygandhatom |
-lyoghatandod or -lygandhatod |
-lyoghatandja or -lygandhatja |
-lyoghatandjuk or -lygandhatjuk |
-lyoghatandjátok or -lygandhatjátok |
-lyoghatandják or -lygandhatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyoghatandalak or -lygandhatlak |
― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -lyoghatnék | -lyoghatnál | -lyoghatna | -lyoghatnánk | -lyoghatnátok | -lyoghatnának | |
| Def. | -lyoghatnám | -lyoghatnád | -lyoghatná | -lyoghatnánk (or -lyoghatnók) |
-lyoghatnátok | -lyoghatnák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyoghatnálak | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -lyoghatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -lyoghassak | -lyoghass or -lyoghassál |
-lyoghasson | -lyoghassunk | -lyoghassatok | -lyoghassanak | |
| Def. | -lyoghassam | -lyoghasd or -lyoghassad |
-lyoghassa | -lyoghassuk | -lyoghassátok | -lyoghassák | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | -lyoghassalak | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -lyoghatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (-lyoghatni) | (-lyoghatnom) | (-lyoghatnod) | (-lyoghatnia) | (-lyoghatnunk) | (-lyoghatnotok) | (-lyoghatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | -lyogható | Neg. adj. | -lyoghatatlan | Adv. part. | (-lyoghatva / -lyoghatván) | ||||