-ior
Appearance
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ior"
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *-jōs, from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs, for original **-yoss, i.e. the s-stem *-yos- with masculine nominative *-s. The ō from the nominative case was made common to all cases. Afterwards nom.sg. -iōr > -ior, by Latin sound laws. Thus paradoxically, as in the r-stems (soror, -tor, -or), in the resulting paradigm the one form with a short stem vowel is the only form whose stem was etymologically long.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /i.or/, [iɔr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /i.or/, [ior] (stressed on the antepenult)
Suffix
[edit]-ior m or f (neuter -ius); third declension
- forms adjectives’ comparative degrees
- esculentus → esculentior
- pūtidus → pūtidior
- ulter → ulterior (not *ultrior)
Usage notes
[edit]- This suffix is usually appended to the oblique stem of the adjective’s absolute degree.
Declension
[edit]Third-declension comparative adjective.
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masc./fem. | neuter | masc./fem. | neuter | ||
nominative | -ior | -ius | -iōrēs | -iōra | |
genitive | -iōris | -iōrum | |||
dative | -iōrī | -iōribus | |||
accusative | -iōrem | -ius | -iōrēs -iōrīs |
-iōra | |
ablative | -iōre -iōrī |
-iōribus | |||
vocative | -ior | -ius | -iōrēs | -iōra |
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- -issimus (suffix forming adjectives’ superlative degrees)
References
[edit]- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “-ior” on page 964/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ior m (plural -iori, feminine -ioară, feminine plural -ioare)
Usage notes
[edit]The "i" sometimes leads to the palitalization of the previous consonant and gets subsequently deleted.
See also
[edit]Categories:
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin suffixes
- Latin masculine suffixes
- Latin feminine suffixes
- Latin suffixes with multiple genders
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian suffixes
- Romanian diminutive suffixes
- Romanian masculine suffixes