-hkia
See also: HKIA
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Re-extraction from -kaa verbs (such as puhkaa) + -ia
Suffix
[edit]-hkia (front vowel harmony variant -hkiä, stem -hki-, linguistic notation -hki- or -hkiA)
- Forms certain descriptive verbs.
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of -hkia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -hkin | en -hki | 1st sing. | olen -hkinut | en ole -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -hkit | et -hki | 2nd sing. | olet -hkinut | et ole -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -hkii | ei -hki | 3rd sing. | on -hkinut | ei ole -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -hkimme | emme -hki | 1st plur. | olemme -hkineet | emme ole -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -hkitte | ette -hki | 2nd plur. | olette -hkineet | ette ole -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -hkivat | eivät -hki | 3rd plur. | ovat -hkineet | eivät ole -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -hkitaan | ei -hkita | passive | on -hkittu | ei ole -hkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -hkin | en -hkinut | 1st sing. | olin -hkinut | en ollut -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -hkit | et -hkinut | 2nd sing. | olit -hkinut | et ollut -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -hki | ei -hkinut | 3rd sing. | oli -hkinut | ei ollut -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -hkimme | emme -hkineet | 1st plur. | olimme -hkineet | emme olleet -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -hkitte | ette -hkineet | 2nd plur. | olitte -hkineet | ette olleet -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -hkivat | eivät -hkineet | 3rd plur. | olivat -hkineet | eivät olleet -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -hkittiin | ei -hkittu | passive | oli -hkittu | ei ollut -hkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -hkisin | en -hkisi | 1st sing. | olisin -hkinut | en olisi -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -hkisit | et -hkisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -hkinut | et olisi -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -hkisi | ei -hkisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -hkinut | ei olisi -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -hkisimme | emme -hkisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -hkineet | emme olisi -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -hkisitte | ette -hkisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -hkineet | ette olisi -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -hkisivat | eivät -hkisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -hkineet | eivät olisi -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -hkittaisiin | ei -hkittaisi | passive | olisi -hkittu | ei olisi -hkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -hki | älä -hki | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -hkikoon | älköön -hkiko | 3rd sing. | olkoon -hkinut | älköön olko -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -hkikaamme | älkäämme -hkiko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -hkikaa | älkää -hkiko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -hkikoot | älkööt -hkiko | 3rd plur. | olkoot -hkineet | älkööt olko -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -hkittakoon | älköön -hkittako | passive | olkoon -hkittu | älköön olko -hkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -hkinen | en -hkine | 1st sing. | lienen -hkinut | en liene -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -hkinet | et -hkine | 2nd sing. | lienet -hkinut | et liene -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -hkinee | ei -hkine | 3rd sing. | lienee -hkinut | ei liene -hkinut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -hkinemme | emme -hkine | 1st plur. | lienemme -hkineet | emme liene -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -hkinette | ette -hkine | 2nd plur. | lienette -hkineet | ette liene -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -hkinevat | eivät -hkine | 3rd plur. | lienevät -hkineet | eivät liene -hkineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -hkittaneen | ei -hkittane | passive | lienee -hkittu | ei liene -hkittu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | -hkia | present | -hkiva | -hkittava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | -hkinut | -hkittu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | -hkiessa | -hkittaessa | agent4 | -hkima | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -hkimaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -hkien | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | -hkimassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | -hkimasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | -hkimaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | -hkimalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | -hkimatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -hkiman | -hkittaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | -hkiminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||