-hetnék
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Lexicalization of -het (potential suffix) + -nék (first-person singular conditional suffix), literally: “I could” (do something), as an expression of impulse or desire.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-hetnék
- (noun-forming suffix) Appended to a verb to express an impulse or desire.
- megy (“to go, leave”) → mehetnékje van (“s/he feels like leaving, s/he has the urge to leave, s/he has wanderlust”)
- eszik (“to eat”) → ehetnékünk volt (“we felt like eating, we wanted to eat”)
Usage notes
[edit]- (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
- -hatnék is added to back-vowel verbs.
- -hetnék is added to front-vowel verbs.
- It is usually followed by a possessive suffix (forms given below) and a third-person singular form of the existential verb van (van/volt/lesz/lenne/legyen etc.), shown in the examples above, or támad (“to arise, crop up”), e.g. kosarazhatnékja támadt (“s/he felt the need to play basketball”), where the affected person is the possessive.
- Another construction is with a verb like elfog, rájön, or rátör (here all mean “to overcome”), e.g. elfogja a sírhatnék (“s/he is overcome by the urge to cry, s/he feels the need to cry”), rájött a nevethetnék (“s/he was overcome by the need to laugh, s/he felt compelled to laugh”), where the affected person is either an object or a sublative argument required by the prefix rá- (both may be implicit if it's clear from the context).
Declension
[edit]| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -hetnék | -hetnékek |
| accusative | -hetnéket | -hetnékeket |
| dative | -hetnéknek | -hetnékeknek |
| instrumental | -hetnékkel | -hetnékekkel |
| causal-final | -hetnékért | -hetnékekért |
| translative | -hetnékké | -hetnékekké |
| terminative | -hetnékig | -hetnékekig |
| essive-formal | -hetnékként | -hetnékekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | -hetnékben | -hetnékekben |
| superessive | -hetnéken | -hetnékeken |
| adessive | -hetnéknél | -hetnékeknél |
| illative | -hetnékbe | -hetnékekbe |
| sublative | -hetnékre | -hetnékekre |
| allative | -hetnékhez | -hetnékekhez |
| elative | -hetnékből | -hetnékekből |
| delative | -hetnékről | -hetnékekről |
| ablative | -hetnéktől | -hetnékektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
-hetnéké | -hetnékeké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
-hetnékéi | -hetnékekéi |
| Possessive forms of -hetnék | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | -hetnékem | -hetnékeim, -hetnékjeim |
| 2nd person sing. | -hetnéked | -hetnékeid, -hetnékjeid |
| 3rd person sing. | -hetnéke, -hetnékje | -hetnékei, -hetnékjei |
| 1st person plural | -hetnékünk | -hetnékeink, -hetnékjeink |
| 2nd person plural | -hetnéketek | -hetnékeitek, -hetnékjeitek |
| 3rd person plural | -hetnékük, -hetnékjük | -hetnékeik, -hetnékjeik |
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Hatnékom van (the relevant part starts under the ping pong photo)