-esso

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See also: esso and Esso

Latin

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Identical in form to the archaic future perfects in -āssō, -āssere, etc., attested contemporary with Ennius, viz. amāssis, levāssō, impetrāssere, and iūdicāssit, respectively of amō, levō, impetrō, and iūdicō.[1][2] Origin cited as not fully explained. Perhaps connected with a kind of prolepsis invoking a counterfactual use of aspect for emphasis.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-essō (present infinitive -essere, perfect active -essīvī or -essiī or -essī, supine -essītum); third conjugation

  1. Forms a small number of intensive verbs from verbs.
    petessō (I strive eagerly), from the verb petō (I aim, seek).
    facessō (I do eagerly; I depart), from the verb I do, make

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of -essō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -essō -essis -essit -essimus -essitis -essunt
imperfect -essēbam -essēbās -essēbat -essēbāmus -essēbātis -essēbant
future -essam -essēs -esset -essēmus -essētis -essent
perfect -essīvī,
-essiī,
-essī
-essīvistī,
-essiistī,
-essistī
-essīvit,
-essiit,
-essit
-essīvimus,
-essiimus,
-essimus
-essīvistis,
-essiistis,
-essistis
-essīvērunt,
-essīvēre,
-essiērunt,
-essiēre,
-essērunt,
-essēre
pluperfect -essīveram,
-essieram,
-esseram
-essīverās,
-essierās,
-esserās
-essīverat,
-essierat,
-esserat
-essīverāmus,
-essierāmus,
-esserāmus
-essīverātis,
-essierātis,
-esserātis
-essīverant,
-essierant,
-esserant
future perfect -essīverō,
-essierō,
-esserō
-essīveris,
-essieris,
-esseris
-essīverit,
-essierit,
-esserit
-essīverimus,
-essierimus,
-esserimus
-essīveritis,
-essieritis,
-esseritis
-essīverint,
-essierint,
-esserint
sigmatic future1 -is -it -imus -itis -int
passive present -essor -esseris,
-essere
-essitur -essimur -essiminī -essuntur
imperfect -essēbar -essēbāris,
-essēbāre
-essēbātur -essēbāmur -essēbāminī -essēbantur
future -essar -essēris,
-essēre
-essētur -essēmur -essēminī -essentur
perfect -essītus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect -essītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect -essītus + future active indicative of sum
sigmatic future1 -or -eris -itur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -essam -essās -essat -essāmus -essātis -essant
imperfect -esserem -esserēs -esseret -esserēmus -esserētis -esserent
perfect -essīverim,
-essierim,
-esserim
-essīverīs,
-essierīs,
-esserīs
-essīverit,
-essierit,
-esserit
-essīverīmus,
-essierīmus,
-esserīmus
-essīverītis,
-essierītis,
-esserītis
-essīverint,
-essierint,
-esserint
pluperfect -essīvissem,
-essiissem,
-essissem
-essīvissēs,
-essiissēs,
-essissēs
-essīvisset,
-essiisset,
-essisset
-essīvissēmus,
-essiissēmus,
-essissēmus
-essīvissētis,
-essiissētis,
-essissētis
-essīvissent,
-essiissent,
-essissent
sigmatic aorist1 -im -īs -īt -īmus -ītis -int
passive present -essar -essāris,
-essāre
-essātur -essāmur -essāminī -essantur
imperfect -esserer -esserēris,
-esserēre
-esserētur -esserēmur -esserēminī -esserentur
perfect -essītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect -essītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -esse -essite
future -essitō -essitō -essitōte -essuntō
passive present -essere -essiminī
future -essitor -essitor -essuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives -essere -essīvisse,
-essiisse,
-essisse
-essītūrum esse -essī -essītum esse -essītum īrī
participles -essēns -essītūrus -essītus -essendus,
-essundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
-essendī -essendō -essendum -essendō -essītum -essītū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.

Derived terms

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References

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