-KʼAAZ

Navajo

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *q’ɑ̓ts’ (“to be cold”).

Cognate root found in Ahtna nezkʼatsʼ (“it is cold”), Carrier sək’əz (“to be cold”), Chipewyan huk’að (“cold weather”).

Root

-KʼAAZ

1. to be cold

Theme	Category	Bases	Transitive bases (O + ł)
∅	adjectival	S is cold sikʼaz sikʼází hoozkʼaz
ni + ∅	adjectival	S is cold neezkʼaz honeezkʼaz honeezkʼází
ni + ∅	transitional	S gets cold niikʼáás ↳ nániikʼáás (+d refl.) honiikʼáás	S makes O cold
ł	motion	cold moves yiłkʼaas (∅-MOM) iiłkʼáás diłkʼáás / deeskʼaaz haałkʼáás tádíłkʼáás yíłkʼáás (ni-MOM) chʼíníłkʼaaz niiłkʼáás naałkʼaas (CONT)

Stem set

Aspect	IMP	PERF	FUT	ITER	OPT
MOM	-kʼáás	-kʼaaz	-kʼas	-kʼas	-kʼáás
CONT	-kʼaas	-kʼaaz	-kʼas	-kʼas	-kʼaas
NEUT	-	-kʼaz / -kʼází	-	-	-

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

cold, cool:

• -DLÍ
• -KʼEʼ (cool off, stop hurting)

 

Antonyms

warm, hot:

• -DOII
• -GAII
• -ZIIL

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -KʼAAZ (cold)