-ZIIL

Navajo

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *zəl (“to be hot”).

Cognate root found in Ahtna ʼiziił (“it got warm”), Carrier hodinzil (“weather is warm”).

Root

-ZIIL

1. to be warm, tepid

Theme	Category	Bases	Transitive bases (O + ł)
(ni) + ∅	adjectival	S is warm neezílí honeezílí sizílí
(ni) + ∅	transitional	S gets warm niizííł honiizííł náʼiidzííł (+d refl.)	S makes O warm yiniisííł honiisííł
ł	motion?	heat moves háásiil

Stem set

Aspect	IMP	PERF	FUT	ITER	OPT
MOM	-zííł	-ziil	-ził	-ził	-zííł
NEUT	—	-zílí	—	—	—

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

warm, hot:

• -DOII
• -GAII

 

 

Antonyms

cold, cool:

• -DLÍ
• -KʼAAZ
• -KʼEʼ (cool off, stop hurting)

 

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -ZIIL (warm)