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-іння

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Ukrainian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nьje.

Pronunciation

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  • -і́ння: IPA(key): [ ˈinʲːɐ]
  • -іння: IPA(key): [ inʲːɐ]

Suffix

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-і́ння or -іння (-ínnja or -innjan (plural -інь)

  1. -tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs, and occasionally from other parts of speech)
    вмі́ти (vmíty, to be able) + ‎-і́ння (-ínnja) → ‎вмі́ння (vmínnja, ability)

Usage notes

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  • The stress is usually drawn onto the suffix, but occasionally not.
  • This suffix is generally used only for verbs whose past passive participle ends in -єний (-jenyj) or -ений (-enyj); verbs whose past passive participle ends in -аний (-anyj) normally use -ання (-annja), and verbs whose past passive participle ends in -тий (-tyj) normally use -ння (-nnja).
  • The stem preceding the suffix is modified in the same way as for the past passive participle; in particular, the stem normally becomes iotated, and in cases where the stem iotates irregularly in the past passive participle (e.g. -жд- (-žd-) instead of -ж- (-ž-), or -щ- (-šč-) instead of -ч- (-č-)), the same irregularities are observed before -і́ння (-ínnja).
  • Note that even intransitive verbs without a past passive participle form abstract nouns in -і́ння (-ínnja). For such verbs of class 4 and 5 (which end in -ити (-yty) and -іти (-ity) respectively), use the stem as found in the first person singular.

Declension

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Derived terms

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