-ίων

See also: ιών, ἱών, Ἴων, and ἰών

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ǐː.ɔːn/ → /ˈi.on/ → /ˈi.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǐː.ɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈi.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.on/

Etymology 1

Perhaps taken from Anatolian.

Suffix

-ῑ́ων • (-ī́ōn) m or f (genitive -ῑ́ωνος or -ῑ́ονος); third declension

1. (chiefly Epic) Suffix added to father's name that forms masculine patronymic, meaning "son of"

   ‎Πηλεύς (Pēleús, “Peleus”) + ‎-ίων (-íōn) → ‎Πηλεΐων (Pēleḯōn, “son of Peleus”)

Inflection

Third declension of -ῑ́ων; — (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῑ́ων -ī́ōn	—		-ῑ́ωνε -ī́ōne	—		-ῑ́ωνες -ī́ōnes	—
Genitive		-ῑ́ωνος -ī́ōnos	—		-ῑώνοιν -īṓnoin	—		-ῑώνων -īṓnōn	—
Dative		-ῑ́ωνῐ -ī́ōnĭ	—		-ῑώνοιν -īṓnoin	—		-ῑ́ωσῐ / -ῑ́ωσῐν -ī́ōsĭ(n)	—
Accusative		-ῑ́ωνᾰ -ī́ōnă	—		-ῑ́ωνε -ī́ōne	—		-ῑ́ωνᾰς -ī́ōnăs	—
Vocative		-ῑ́ων -ī́ōn	—		-ῑ́ωνε -ī́ōne	—		-ῑ́ωνες -ī́ōnes	—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of -ῑ́ων; — (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῑ́ων -ī́ōn	—		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	—		-ῑ́ονες -ī́ones	—
Genitive		-ῑ́ονος -ī́onos	—		-ῑόνοιν -īónoin	—		-ῑόνων -īónōn	—
Dative		-ῑ́ονῐ -ī́onĭ	—		-ῑόνοιν -īónoin	—		-ῑ́οσῐ / -ῑ́οσῐν -ī́osĭ(n)	—
Accusative		-ῑ́ονᾰ -ī́onă	—		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	—		-ῑ́ονᾰς -ī́onăs	—
Vocative		-ῖον -îon	—		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	—		-ῑ́ονες -ī́ones	—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of -ῑ́ων; — (Epic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῑ́ων -ī́ōn	—		-ῑ́ωνε -ī́ōne	—		-ῑ́ωνες -ī́ōnes	—
Genitive		-ῑ́ωνος -ī́ōnos	—		-ῑώνοιῐν -īṓnoiĭn	—		-ῑώνων -īṓnōn	—
Dative		-ῑ́ωνῐ -ī́ōnĭ	—		-ῑώνοιῐν -īṓnoiĭn	—		-ῑ́ωσῐ / -ῑ́ωσῐν / -ῑώνεσσῐ / -ῑώνεσσῐν / -ῑώνεσῐ / -ῑώνεσῐν -ī́ōsĭ(n) / -īṓnessĭ(n) / -īṓnesĭ(n)	—
Accusative		-ῑ́ωνᾰ -ī́ōnă	—		-ῑ́ωνε -ī́ōne	—		-ῑ́ωνᾰς -ī́ōnăs	—
Vocative		-ῑ́ων -ī́ōn	—		-ῑ́ωνε -ī́ōne	—		-ῑ́ωνες -ī́ōnes	—
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of -ῑ́ων; — (Epic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῑ́ων -ī́ōn	—		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	—		-ῑ́ονες -ī́ones	—
Genitive		-ῑ́ονος -ī́onos	—		-ῑόνοιῐν -īónoiĭn	—		-ῑόνων -īónōn	—
Dative		-ῑ́ονῐ -ī́onĭ	—		-ῑόνοιῐν -īónoiĭn	—		-ῑ́οσῐ / -ῑ́οσῐν / -ῑόνεσσῐ / -ῑόνεσσῐν / -ῑόνεσῐ / -ῑόνεσῐν -ī́osĭ(n) / -īónessĭ(n) / -īónesĭ(n)	—
Accusative		-ῑ́ονᾰ -ī́onă	—		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	—		-ῑ́ονᾰς -ī́onăs	—
Vocative		-ῖον -îon	—		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	—		-ῑ́ονες -ī́ones	—
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Synonyms

• -ῐ́δης (-ĭ́dēs)

Derived terms

Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίων (patronymic)

Ἀτρεΐων

Γοργυθίων

Ἐχίων

Κρονίων

Μαρκίων

Οὐρανίωνες

Πηλεΐων

Τιμασίων

Ὑπερίων

Related terms

• -ιώνη (-iṓnē)
• -ῑ́νη (-ī́nē)

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 845

Etymology 2

From Proto-Hellenic *-ihō, from Proto-Indo-European *-isō, from *-yōs (whence -ων (-ōn)).

Suffix

-ῑ́ων • (-ī́ōn) m or f (neuter -ῑον); third declension

1. Suffix added to some adjectival stems to form a comparative adjective: -er

   ‎ἡδύς (hēdús, “sweet”) + ‎-ίων (-íōn) → ‎ἡδῑ́ων (hēdī́ōn, “sweeter”)

Inflection

Third declension of -ῑ́ων; -ῖον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῑ́ων -ī́ōn	-ῖον -îon		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	-ῑ́ονε -ī́one		-ῑ́ονες -ī́ones	-ῑ́ονᾰ -ī́onă
Genitive		-ῑ́ονος -ī́onos	-ῑ́ονος -ī́onos		-ῑόνοιν -īónoin	-ῑόνοιν -īónoin		-ῑόνων -īónōn	-ῑόνων -īónōn
Dative		-ῑ́ονῐ -ī́onĭ	-ῑ́ονῐ -ī́onĭ		-ῑόνοιν -īónoin	-ῑόνοιν -īónoin		-ῑ́οσῐ / -ῑ́οσῐν -ī́osĭ(n)	-ῑ́οσῐ / -ῑ́οσῐν -ī́osĭ(n)
Accusative		-ῑ́ονᾰ -ī́onă	-ῖον -îon		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	-ῑ́ονε -ī́one		-ῑ́ονᾰς -ī́onăs	-ῑ́ονᾰ -ī́onă
Vocative		-ῖον -îon	-ῖον -îon		-ῑ́ονε -ī́one	-ῑ́ονε -ī́one		-ῑ́ονες -ī́ones	-ῑ́ονᾰ -ī́onă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		-ῑόνως -īónōs			-ῑονέστερος -īonésteros			-ῑονέστᾰτος -īonéstătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ίων (comparative)

ἀλγίων

ἀμείνων

ἀρείων

βελτίων

βραχίων

ἐλάσσων

ἥσσων

θάσσων

κακίων

κρείσσων

μείζων

μείων

ῥίγιον

στρουθίων

χείρων

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 318