𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ-

Sanskrit वच् (vac)

Proto-Indo-European *-tus

Sanskrit -तुम् (-tum)

Proto-Indo-European *-yós

Sanskrit -य (-ya)

Sanskrit -तव्य (-tavya)

Sanskrit वक्तव्य (vaktavya)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)

Inherited from Sanskrit वक्तव्य (vaktavya).

Adjective

𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya /vattaviya/)

1. to be spoken
   • c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.1:

     𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀁𑀡𑀕𑀺𑀭𑀻𑀢𑁂 𑀅𑀬𑀧𑀼𑀢𑀲 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 𑀘 𑀯𑀘𑀦𑁂𑀦 𑀇𑀲𑀺𑀮𑀲𑀺 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢𑀸 𑀆𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸 𑀳𑁂𑀯𑀁 𑀘 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸

     suvaṃṇagirīte ayaputasa mahāmātāṇaṃ ca vacanena isilasi mahāmātā ārogiyaṃ vataviyā hevaṃ ca vataviyā

     • 1997 translation by Romila Thapar

       From Suvarnagiri, on the order of his Highness the Prince, and the officers: good health to the officers of Isila who are to be instructed thus.

Declension

Declension of 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	—	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸 vataviyā	—	—	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑁂, 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀁 vataviye, vataviyaṃ	—
accusative	—	—	—	—	—	—
instrumental	—	—	—	—	—	—
dative	—	—	—	—	—	—
ablative	—	—	—	—	—	—
genitive	—	—	—	—	—	—
locative	—	—	—	—	—	—

Alternative forms

Attested at Allahabad-Kosambi, Brahmagiri, Dhauli, Jatinga-Rameshwara, Jaugada, Kalsi, Maski, Rajula-Mandagiri, Siddapura and Yerragudi.

Dialectal forms of 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (“to be spoken”)
Variety	Location	Lemmas	Forms edit
Central	Kalsi	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)
	Allahabad-Kosambi	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)
East	Dhauli	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)
	Jaugada	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)
Northwest	Shahbazgarhi	𐨬𐨟𐨬 (vatava)
	Mansehra	𐨬𐨟𐨬𐨁𐨩 (vataviya)
West	Girnar	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑁆𑀬 (vatavya)
South	Yerragudi	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑁂 n.nom.sg (vataviye)
	Siddapura	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)	?𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸 m.nom.pl (vataviyā), ?𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀁 n.nom.sg (vataviyaṃ)
	Brahmagiri	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸 m.nom.pl (vataviyā), 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀁 n.nom.sg (vataviyaṃ)
	Maski	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸 m.nom.pl (vataviyā)
	Jatinga-Rameshwara	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)	?𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸 m.nom.pl (vataviyā), ?𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀁 n.nom.sg (vataviyaṃ)
	Rajula-Mandagiri	𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya)	?𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬𑁂 n.nom.sg (vataviye)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (“to be spoken”)
𑀯𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (vataviya) (13) 𐨬𐨟𐨬 (vatava) (1) 𑀯𑀢𑀯𑁆𑀬 (vatavya) (1) 𐨬𐨟𐨬𐨁𐨩 (vataviya) (1)

References

• Hultzsch, E[ugen Julius Theodor] (1925) Inscriptions of Aśoka (new edition), in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 253.
• Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “vac-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 168