𑀫𑁄𑀔

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewk-

Sanskrit मुच् (muc)

Sanskrit मोक्ष् (mokṣ)

Sanskrit -अ (-a)

Sanskrit मोक्ष (mokṣa)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)

Inherited from Sanskrit मोक्ष (mokṣa), from मोक्ष् (mokṣ) + -अ (-a). Cognate with Pali mokkha.

Noun

𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha /mokkha/) m

1. liberation, freeing (of prisoners)
   • c. 257 BCE, Aśoka, Major Rock Edict 5 Kalsi.15-16:

     𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀦𑀩𑀥𑀲𑀸 𑀧𑀝𑀺𑀯𑀺𑀥𑀸𑀦𑀸𑀬𑁂 𑀅𑀧𑀮𑀺𑀩𑁄𑀥𑀸𑀬𑁂 𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀬𑁂 𑀘𑀸 𑀏𑀬𑀁 𑀅𑀦𑀼𑀩𑀥𑀸 𑀧𑀚𑀸𑀯 𑀢𑀺 𑀯𑀸
     𑀓𑀝𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂 𑀢𑀺 𑀯𑀸 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀮𑀓𑁂 𑀢𑀺 𑀯𑀸 𑀯𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀧𑀝𑀸 𑀢𑁂

     baṃdhanabadhasā paṭividhānāye apalibodhāye mokhāye cā eyaṃ anubadhā pajāva ti vā
     kaṭābhikāle ti vā mahālake ti vā viyāpaṭā te

     • 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch

       They are occupied in supporting prisoners (with money), in causing (their) fetters to be taken off, and in setting (them) free, if one has children, or is bewitched, or aged, respectively.

Declension

Declension of 𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)
	singular	plural
nominative	—	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀺 mokhāni
accusative	—	—
instrumental	—	—
dative	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀬𑁂 mokhāye	—
ablative	—	—
genitive	—	—
locative	—	—

Alternative forms

Attested at Delhi-Meerut, Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Kalsi, Lauriya-Araraj, Lauriya-Nandangarh and Rampurva.

Dialectal forms of 𑀫𑁄𑀔 (“dead”)
Variety	Location	Lemmas	Forms edit
Central	Kalsi	𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀬𑁂 dat.sg (mokhāye)
	Delhi-Topra	𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀺 nom.pl (mokhāni)
	Delhi-Meerut	𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀺 nom.pl (mokhāni)
	Rampurva	𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀺 nom.pl (mokhāni)
	Lauriya-Nandangarh	𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀺 nom.pl (mokhāni)
	Lauriya-Araraj	𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)	𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀦𑀺 nom.pl (mokhāni)
East	Dhauli	𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)	?𑀫𑁄𑀔𑀸𑀬𑁂 dat.sg (mokhāye)
Northwest	Shahbazgarhi	𐨨𐨆𐨐𐨿𐨭 (mokśa)	?𐨨𐨆𐨐𐨿𐨭𐨩𐨅 dat.sg (mokśaye)
	Mansehra	𐨨𐨆𐨐𐨿𐨮 (mokṣa)	?𐨨𐨆𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨩𐨅 dat.sg (mokṣaye)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀫𑁄𑀔 (“dead”)
𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha) (7) 𐨨𐨆𐨐𐨿𐨭 (mokśa) (1) 𐨨𐨆𐨐𐨿𐨮 (mokṣa) (1)

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mŏkkha), 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mukkha) (see there for further descendants)