𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸

See also: 𑀡𑁂𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀡𑁂𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇĕddā)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-Iranian *HnidráH

Sanskrit निद्रा (nidrā)

Prakrit 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)

From Sanskrit निद्रा (nidrā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HnidráH.

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀦𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀭𑀸 (nidrā́). Cognate with Pali niddā.

Noun

𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā) f (Devanagari णिद्दा, Kannada ಣಿದ್ದಾ) (Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

1. sleep, slumber
   • c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 530:

     𑀮𑁄𑀑 𑀚𑀽𑀭𑀇, 𑀚𑀽𑀭𑀉! 𑀯𑀅𑀡𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁 𑀳𑁄𑀇 𑀳𑁄𑀉 𑀢𑀁 𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁇
     𑀏𑀳𑀺! 𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀲𑀼 𑀧𑀸𑀲𑁂 𑀧𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀯𑀇 𑀡 𑀏𑀇 𑀫𑁂 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸

     loo jūraï, jūraü! vaaṇijjaṃ hoi hou taṃ ṇāma.
     ehi! ṇimajjasu pāse pupphavaï ṇa ei me ṇiddā

     • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken

       “People will be angry.” Let them be. “They will disapprove.” Who cares?
       Come, forget about your period, and snuggle down beside me, for I can get no sleep.

   • c. 700 CE, Haribhadra, Maṇipati-Carita 315:

     𑀢𑀸 𑀆𑀕𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀲𑀼 𑀧𑀺𑀬𑀬𑀫 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁-𑀧𑀺 𑀢𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 𑀫𑀏 𑀇𑀫𑀁 𑀪𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀁
     𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀘 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 𑀅𑀳𑀁 𑀇𑀳𑀇𑀁 𑀘𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀏𑀇 𑀫𑀳 𑀦𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸

     tā āgacchasu piyayama tumaṃ-pi tatto mae imaṃ bhaṇiyaṃ
     vacca tumaṃ ahaṃ ihaïṃ ciṭṭhissāmi ei maha niddā

     • 1959 translation by Robert Hamilton Blair Williams

       so come along, you too, darling.’ Then I replied:
       ‘You go, I shall stay here as sleep is coming over me.’

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (feminine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀑 (ṇiddāo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀉 (ṇiddāu) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)
Accusative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀁 (ṇiddaṃ)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀑 (ṇiddāo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀉 (ṇiddāu) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)
Instrumental	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀏 (ṇiddāe) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀇 (ṇiddāi) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀅 (ṇiddāa)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ṇiddāhi) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (ṇiddāhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀑 (ṇiddāo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀉 (ṇiddāu)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ṇiddāhiṃto)
Genitive	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀏 (ṇiddāe) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀇 (ṇiddāi) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀅 (ṇiddāa)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀡 (ṇiddāṇa) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀡𑀁 (ṇiddāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀏 (ṇiddāe) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀇 (ṇiddāi) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀅 (ṇiddāa)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀲𑀼 (ṇiddāsu) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (ṇiddāsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑁂 (ṇidde) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀑 (ṇiddāo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀉 (ṇiddāu) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)

Sauraseni declension of 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (feminine)
	singular	plural
Nominative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀑 (ṇiddāo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)
Accusative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀁 (ṇiddaṃ)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀑 (ṇiddāo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)
Instrumental	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀏 (ṇiddāe)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (ṇiddāhiṃ)
Dative	—	—
Ablative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀤𑁄 (ṇiddādo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀏 (ṇiddāe)	—
Genitive	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀏 (ṇiddāe)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀡𑀁 (ṇiddāṇaṃ)
Locative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀏 (ṇiddāe)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀲𑀼 (ṇiddāsu) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (ṇiddāsuṃ)
Vocative	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑁂 (ṇidde)	𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀑 (ṇiddāo) or 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā)

Descendants

Descendants

• Central:
  • Eastern Hindi:
    • Old Awadhi: नींद (nīṃda), नीदउँ (nīdaüm̐)
  • Western Hindi:
    • Old Braj: नीद (nīd), नीदउँ (nīda͠u)
      • Braj: नींद (nīnd)
    • Bundeli: नींद (nīnd)
    • Old Hindi: नींद (nīṃda), नीद (nīda)
      • Hindustani: nīnd

        Hindi: नींद

        Urdu: نِیْند

• Eastern:
  • Bengali-Assamese:
    • Assamese: নিন্দ (nindo)
    • Old Bengali: নিন্দ
      • Middle Bengali: নিন্দ (nindo)
        • Bengali: নিন্দ (nindo)
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: nīnd, nīn, nīnrī

      Devanagari script: नींद, नीन, नीनरी

      Kaithi script: 𑂢𑂲𑂁𑂠, 𑂢𑂲𑂢, 𑂢𑂲𑂢𑂩𑂲

    • Maithili: nīn

      Devanagari script: नीन

      Tirhuta script: 𑒢𑒲𑒢

  • Odia: ନିଦ (nida)
• Northern:
  • Central:
    • Nepali: निनी (ninī), नीद (nīd)
  • Western:
    • Dogri: nīndar

      Devanagari script: नींदर

      Dogra script: 𑠝𑠮𑠷𑠛𑠤

• Northwestern:
  • Old Punjabi: ਨੀਂਦ (nīnda)
    • Punjabi: nīnd, nīndar

      Gurmukhi script: ਨੀਂਦ, ਨੀਂਦਰ

      Shahmukhi script: نِیند, نِیندَر

  • Saraiki: نِݨْدر (niṇdr), نِیݨْدر (nīṇdr)
  • Sindhi: ninḍa

    Arabic script: نِنڊَ

    Devanagari script: निन्ड

    Khudabadi script: 𑋑𑋡𑋑𑋪𑋈

• Southern:
  • Insular:
    • Dhivehi: ނިދި (nidi)
    • Sinhalese: නින්ද (ninda), නිදී (nidī), නිඳි (niⁿdi)
  • Marathi-Konkani:
    • Konkani: nhīd

      Devanagari script: न्हीद

      Kannada script: ನ್ಹೀದ್

      Latin script: nhid

    • Old Marathi: nīd

      Devanagari script: नीद

      Modi script: 𑘡𑘲𑘟𑘿

      • Marathi: nīd

        Devanagari script: नीद

        Modi script: 𑘡𑘲𑘟𑘿

• Western:
  • Gojri: نِیند (nīnd), نِیندرو (nīndro)
  • Middle Gujarati: नीद
    • Gujarati: નીંદ (nī̃d), નીંદર (nī̃dar)
  • Malvi: नींद (nīnd)
  • Old Marwari: नीद (nīd), नींद (nīnd)
    • Marwari:

      Devanagari script: नींद (nīnd), निंदरा (nindrā)

      Mahajani script: 𑅧𑅑𑅧𑅥 (nind), 𑅧𑅑𑅧𑅥𑅭 (nindr)

  • Nimadi: नींद (nīnd)

• → Kannada: ನಿದ್ದೆ (nidde)
• → Tamil: நித்தை (nittai)

References

• E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prákṛit Prakáśa‎^[1], London: Trübner & Co., page 109
• Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 100
• Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “णिद्दा”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 399.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ṇiddā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 411