𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀤𑀺 (acchadi) — Śaurasenī
• 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (akkhaï) — Paiśācī
• 𑀳𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (hŏkkhaï) — Māgadhī

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd

Sanskrit आ (ā)

Sanskrit आ- (ā-)

Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-

Proto-Indo-European *tḱey-

Proto-Indo-European *tḱéyti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáyti

Sanskrit क्षेति॑ (kṣéti)

Sanskrit आक्षे॑ति (ā́kṣeti)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (achati)

Prakrit 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (acchaï)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (achati), from Sanskrit आक्षे॑ति (ā́kṣeti), from आ- (ā-) + क्षेति॑ (kṣéti). Cognate with Pali acchati.

Verb

𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (acchaï) (Devanagari अच्छइ, Gujarati અચ્છઇ, Kannada ಅಚ್ಛಇ) (intransitive) (Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī)

1. to remain
   • c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 201:

     अच्छउ ता जणवाओ हिअअं चिअ अत्तणो तुह पमाणं ।
     तह तं सि मंदणेहो जह ण उवालंभजोग्गो सि ॥

     acchaü tā jaṇavāo hiaaṃ cia attaṇo tuha pamāṇaṃ .
     taha taṃ si maṃdaṇeho jaha ṇa uvālaṃbhajŏggo si .

     • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken

       Never mind the gossip:
       Judge by your own feelings.
       Anyway,
       You have grown so cool
       That you are beyond reproach.

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: अछना (achnā)

    Urdu: اَچْھنا (achnā)

• Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  • Bengali–Assamese:
    • Assamese: আছে (ase)
    • Bengali: আছ- (ach-)
    • Sylheti: ꠀꠍꠦ (asé)
• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Old Marathi: asaṇe

    Devanagari script: असणे

    Modi script: 𑘀𑘭𑘜𑘹

    • Marathi: असणे (asṇe)

• Western Indo-Aryan:
  • Old Gujarati: अछइ (achaï), छइ (chaï)
    • Ahirani: से (se), शे (śe)
    • Middle Gujarati: छै
      • Gujarati: છે (che)
  • Romani: aćhel, acsel, áshel (Hungary), aćhol (International Standard), ačhel, ačhol (Pan-Vlax), ачел (Cyrillic)
    • → Hungarian: ácsi

References

• Sir George Abraham Grierson (1924) “The Prakrit Dhātv-ādēśas: According to the Western and the Eastern Schools of Prakrit Grammarians.”, in Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal‎^[1], volume VIII, number 2, Calcutta, page 124.
• Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 344
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ā́kṣēti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 46
• Turner, R[alph] L[illey] (1936) “Sanskrit "ā́-kṣeti" and Pali "acchati" in Modern Indo-Aryan”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London‎^[2], volume 8, numbers 2/3 (Indian and Iranian Studies: Presented to George Abraham Grierson on His Eighty-Fifth Birthday), pages 795—812