𐰖𐰆𐰸

Old Turkic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yōk (“there is not, no”). Cognate with Chuvash ҫук (śuk), Khalaj yôq, Turkish yok, Uzbek yo'q, Bashkir юҡ (yuq), Yakut суох (suoq).

Predicative

𐰖𐰆𐰸 (yōq)

1. there is

   Antonym: 𐰉𐰺 (bar)

   • 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 36

     𐰴𐰆𐰉𐰃:𐱃𐰞𐰍:𐰴𐰆𐰺𐰴𐰨𐰃𐰭:𐰖𐰆𐰸

     qobï:atlïɣ:qorqïnčïŋ:yōq

     (However), you are not afraid of having no reputation.

Adjective

𐰖𐰆𐰸 (yoq)

1. poor
   • 8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, S10

     𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰆𐰞𐰺𐰯:𐰖𐰸:𐰲𐰃𐰍𐰪:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣𐰍:𐰸𐰆𐰯:𐰸𐰆𐰉𐰺𐱃𐰑𐰢

     qaɣan:olurup:yōq:čïɣań:bodunuɣ:qop:qïltïm

     Having succeeded to the throne, I gathered all the poor and destitute people together.

Derived terms

• 𐰖𐰆𐰴𐰑 (yoqad-)

References

• Tekin, Talât (1968) “yōq”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 460
• Tekin, Talât (1993) “yook”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 69
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yo:k”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 895
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jōk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill