𐤔𐤓

Hebrew

the Mesad Hashavyahu ostracon

Noun

𐤔𐤓 • (šr /śar/) m

1. Paleo-Hebrew spelling of שַׂר (śar, “governor, prince, chief”)
   • 630–609 BCE, the Mesad Hashavyahu ostracon lines 1–2 at right

     𐤉𐤔𐤌𐤏 𐤀𐤃𐤍𐤉 𐤄𐤔𐤓 / 𐤀𐤕 𐤃𐤁𐤓 𐤏𐤁𐤃𐤄.

     ישמע אדני השר / את דבר עבדה.
     yišəmaʿʾăḏōnī haśar ʾēṯ dəḇar ʿbdh

     Let my lord, the governor, \ hear the word of his servant!

Philistine

Noun

𐤔𐤓 (šr)

1. ruler
   • Ekron Royal Dedicatory Inscription, lines 2-3, c. 7th century BC:

     𐤉𐤎𐤃 𐤟 𐤁𐤍 𐤟 𐤀𐤃𐤀 𐤟 𐤁𐤍 𐤟 𐤉𐤏𐤓 𐤟 𐤔𐤓𐤏𐤒-
     -𐤓𐤍 𐤟 𐤋𐤐𐤕[ ]𐤉𐤄 𐤟 𐤀𐤃𐤕𐤄 𐤟 𐤕𐤁𐤓𐤊𐤄 𐤟 𐤅𐤕

     Yasid, son of Ada, son of Ya'ir, ruler of Ek-
     -ron, for Pt[ ]yh his lady, may she bless him, and p[rotect him]

Phoenician

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃar/

Noun

𐤔𐤓 (šr /šar/)

1. headman, princeps

   Hypernym: 𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /⁠rūš⁠/)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Semitic *ṯawr-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃoːr/

Noun

𐤔𐤓 (šr /šōr/)

1. bull

Descendants

• Punic: 𐤔𐤓 (šr /⁠šūr⁠/)

Punic

Etymology 1

From Phoenician 𐤔𐤓 (šr), from Proto-Semitic *ṯawr-.

Pronunciation

• (6^th BCE Punic): IPA^(key): /suːr/
• (2^nd BCE Late Punic): IPA^(key): /syːr/
• (2^nd CE Neo-Punic): IPA^(key): /syr/

Noun

𐤔𐤓 (šr /šūr/)

1. bull

Etymology 2

From Phoenician 𐤔𐤓𐤔 (šrš), from Proto-Semitic *šurš-.

Pronunciation

• (6^th BCE Punic): IPA^(key): /sur/
• (2^nd BCE Late Punic): IPA^(key): /sur/
• (2^nd CE Neo-Punic): IPA^(key): /sur/

Noun

𐤔𐤓 (šr /šur/)

1. root
   • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, De Materia Medica interpolations believed to be from Pamphilos, s. v. στρούθιον 2.163:^[2]:

     στρούθιον· οἱ δὲ κέδρον, οἱ δὲ κάθαρσις, οἱ δὲ στρουθοκάμηλος, οἱ δὲ χαμαίρρυτον, προφῆται χαλίρρυτον, Ῥωμαῖοι ῥάδιξ σανάρια, οἱ δὲ ἕρβα λανάρια, Αἰγύπτιοι οἰνώ, Ἄφροι σοιρίς (var. συρίς).

     stroúthion; hoi dè kédron, hoi dè kátharsis, hoi dè strouthokámēlos, hoi dè khamaírrhuton, prophêtai khalírrhuton, Rhōmaîoi rhádix sanária, hoi dè hérba lanária, Aigúptioi oinṓ, Áphroi soirís (var. surís).

Descendants

• →? Proto-Berber:

  Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⵥⵓⵔ (aẓur)