π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic

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Etymology

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π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°- (faura-) +‎ 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (mΔ“ljan), a calque of Ancient Greek προγράφω (progrΓ‘phō).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /fΙ”raˈmeːljan/

Verb

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π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (fauramΔ“ljan)

  1. to set forth, exhibit, display
    • Galatians 3:1:
      𐍉 πŒΏπŒ½π†π‚π‰πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πŒ²πŒ°πŒ»πŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ! πˆπŒ°πƒ πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ πŒ°π†πŒ·πŒΏπŒ²πŒΉπŒ³πŒ° πƒπŒΏπŒ½πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ 𐌽𐌹 πŒΏπ†πŒ·πŒ°πŒΏπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½? πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄πŒΉ π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ° 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌼 πŒΉπŒ΄πƒπŒΏπƒ π‡π‚πŒΉπƒπ„πŒΏπƒ π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒΈπƒ π…πŒ°πƒ, 𐌹𐌽 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ πŒΏπƒπŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒΈπƒ?
      ō unfrōdans galateis! Ζ•as izwis afhugida sunjai ni ufhausjan? izwizei faura augam iΔ“sus xristus fauramΔ“liΓΎs was, in izwis ushramiΓΎs?
      O foolish Galatians, who hath bewitched you, that ye should not obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been evidently set forth, crucified among you? (KJV)

Conjugation

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Class 1 weak
Infinitive π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
fauramΔ“ljan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°
fauramΔ“lja 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
fauramΔ“lida 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
fauramΔ“ljada
2nd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
fauramΔ“leis 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“s 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
fauramΔ“ljaza
3rd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauramΔ“leiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
fauramΔ“lida 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
fauramΔ“ljada
1st dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπ‰πƒ
fauramΔ“ljōs 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
fauramΔ“ljats 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
fauramΔ“ljam 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“dum 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
fauramΔ“ljanda
2nd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauramΔ“leiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“duΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
fauramΔ“ljanda
3rd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
fauramΔ“ljand 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
fauramΔ“lidΔ“dun 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
fauramΔ“ljanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljau 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“djau 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljaidau
2nd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
fauramΔ“ljais 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“deis 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljaizau
3rd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
fauramΔ“ljai 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“di 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljaidau
1st dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
fauramΔ“ljaiwa 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
fauramΔ“lidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
fauramΔ“ljaits 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
fauramΔ“ljaima 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
fauramΔ“lidΔ“deima 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljaindau
2nd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
fauramΔ“ljaiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauramΔ“lidΔ“deiΓΎ 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljaindau
3rd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
fauramΔ“ljaina 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
fauramΔ“lidΔ“deina 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljaindau
Imperative
2nd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉ
fauramΔ“lei
3rd singular π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljadau
2nd dual π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
fauramΔ“ljats
2nd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
fauramΔ“leiΓΎ
3rd plural π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
fauramΔ“ljandau
Present Past
Participles π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
fauramΔ“ljands 		π†πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
fauramΔ“liΓΎs

Further reading

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  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 93
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