𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

FWOTD – 7 March 2023

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *warmijaną. In the sense of "cherish", possibly a semantic loan from Koine Greek θάλπω (thálpō, “to warm, to care for, to cherish”). May be distantly related to Koine Greek θερμαίνω (thermaínō, “to warm, heat”), which it otherwise translates.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwarm.jan/

Verb

𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (warmjan)

1. to warm (to make or keep warm)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of John (Codex Argenteus) 18.25:

     𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌼𐍉𐌽 𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌺. 𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌷 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌿 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍃𐌹𐍀𐍉𐌽𐌾𐌴 𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐍃? 𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌺 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌰𐌸: 𐌽𐌴, 𐌽𐌹 𐌹𐌼.

     iþ seimōn paitrus was standands jah warmjands sik. þaruh qēþun du imma: niu jah þu þizē sipōnjē þis is? iþ is afaiaik jah qaþ: nē, ni im.

     And Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. They said therefore unto him, Art not thou also one of his disciples? He denied it, and said, I am not. (KJV).

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 14.54:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌵𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌾𐌹𐌽𐍃; 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌱𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌺 𐌰𐍄 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌳𐌰.

     jah paitrus fairraþrō laistida afar imma, untē qam in garda þis auhumistins gudjins; jah was sitands miþ andbahtam jah warmjands sik at liuhada.

     And Peter followed him afar off, even into the palace of the high priest: and he sat with the servants, and warmed himself at the fire. (KJV).

2. to cherish (to treat with affection, nurture with care)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Epistle to the Ephesians (Codex Ambrosianus A) 5.29:

     𐌽𐌹 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰 𐍈𐌰𐌽𐌷𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰, 𐌰𐌺 𐍆𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍄𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌺𐌻𐌴𐍃𐌾𐍉𐌽 . . . .

     ni auk manna ƕanhun sein leik fijaida, ak fōdeiþ ita jah warmeiþ swaswē jah xristus aikklēsjōn . . . .

     For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as the Lord the church: (KJV).

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 warmjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰 warmja	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌰 warmida	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 warmjada
2nd singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍃 warmeis	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 warmidēs	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 warmjaza
3rd singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌸 warmeiþ	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌰 warmida	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 warmjada
1st dual	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐍉𐍃 warmjōs	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 warmidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 warmjats	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 warmidēduts	—
1st plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌼 warmjam	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 warmidēdum	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 warmjanda
2nd plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌸 warmeiþ	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 warmidēduþ	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 warmjanda
3rd plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 warmjand	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 warmidēdun	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 warmjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌿 warmjau	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 warmidēdjau	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 warmjaidau
2nd singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 warmjais	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 warmidēdeis	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 warmjaizau
3rd singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹 warmjai	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 warmidēdi	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 warmjaidau
1st dual	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 warmjaiwa	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 warmidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 warmjaits	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 warmidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 warmjaima	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 warmidēdeima	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 warmjaindau
2nd plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 warmjaiþ	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 warmidēdeiþ	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 warmjaindau
3rd plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 warmjaina	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 warmidēdeina	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 warmjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌹 warmei
3rd singular	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 warmjadau
2nd dual	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 warmjats
2nd plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌸 warmeiþ
3rd plural	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 warmjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 warmjands	𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃 warmiþs

See also

• 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃 (frius, “cold”, noun)
• 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds, “cold”, adjective)

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 170