π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πƒ

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Gothic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *triwwiz.

Pronunciation

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  • (uncertain) IPA(key): /ˈtriΙ‘Ι‘Κ·s/, /triΕ‹Ι‘Κ·s/[1]

Adjective

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π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πƒ β€’ (triggws)

  1. true
  2. faithful, loyal

Declension

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A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πƒ
triggws
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°
triggwa
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…, π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°π„πŒ°
triggw, triggwata
Accusative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°
triggwana
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°
triggwa
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…, π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°π„πŒ°
triggw, triggwata
Genitive π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒΉπƒ
triggwis
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰πƒ
triggwaizōs
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒΉπƒ
triggwis
Dative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ°
triggwamma
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉ
triggwai
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ°
triggwamma
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉ
triggwai
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πƒ
triggwōs
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°
triggwa
Accusative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½πƒ
triggwans
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πƒ
triggwōs
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°
triggwa
Genitive π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄
triggwaizΔ“
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰
triggwaizō
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄
triggwaizΔ“
Dative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ
triggwaim
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ
triggwaim
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ
triggwaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°
triggwa
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰
triggwō
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰
triggwō
Accusative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½
triggwan
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½
triggwōn
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰
triggwō
Genitive π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒΉπŒ½πƒ
triggwins
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½πƒ
triggwōns
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒΉπŒ½πƒ
triggwins
Dative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒΉπŒ½
triggwin
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½
triggwōn
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒΉπŒ½
triggwin
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½πƒ
triggwans
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½πƒ
triggwōns
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½πŒ°
triggwōna
Accusative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½πƒ
triggwans
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½πƒ
triggwōns
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½πŒ°
triggwōna
Genitive π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄
triggwanΔ“
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒ½π‰
triggwōnō
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄
triggwanΔ“
Dative π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΌ
triggwam
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πŒΌ
triggwōm
π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒΌ
triggwam

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ There is no clear scholarly consensus as to whether <ggw> resulting from VerschΓ€rfung was pronounced with a nasal or not. (Contrast words like πƒπŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…πŒ°πŒ½ (siggwan), where the <ggw> derives from Proto-Germanic *-ngw-, and which was very likely pronounced with a nasal.) For a selection of perspectives on the issue of whether or not there was an etymological distinction in how <ggw> was pronounced, refer to:
    • Miller, D. Gary (2019) The Oxford Gothic Grammar, Oxford: Oxford University Press, β†’ISBN, page 29
    • MagnΓΊs Snaedal, "Gothic <ggw>", Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 128 (2011)
    • James Marchand (1973) The Sounds and Phonemes of Wulfila's Gothic, pp. 87-90.