𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌼𐌹𐌸- (miþ-) +‎ 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (witan); a calque of Ancient Greek σύνοιδα (súnoida).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /miθˈwitan/

Verb

𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 • (miþwitan)

1. to know, be conscious of, be aware of
   • 1 Corinthians 4:4:

     𐌽𐌹𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌼𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄; 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌸𐍃 𐌹𐌼, 𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐍃𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌹𐌺, 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄.

     nih waiht auk mis silbin miþwait; akei ni in þamma garaihtiþs im, iþ saei ussōkeiþ mik, frauja ist.

     For I know nothing by myself; yet am I not hereby justified: but he that judgeth me is the Lord. (KJV)

Conjugation

Preterite-present
Infinitive	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 miþwitan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄 miþwait	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰 miþwissa	—
2nd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄 miþwaist	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐍃 miþwissēs	—
3rd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄 miþwait	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰 miþwissa	—
1st dual	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿 miþwitu	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿 miþwissēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐍄𐍃 miþwituts	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 miþwissēduts	—
1st plural	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌼 miþwitum	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 miþwissēdum	—
2nd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌸 miþwituþ	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 miþwissēduþ	—
3rd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌽 miþwitun	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 miþwissēdun	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿 miþwitjau	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 miþwissēdjau	—
2nd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 miþwiteis	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 miþwissēdeis	—
3rd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌹 miþwiti	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌹 miþwissēdi	—
1st dual	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 miþwiteiwa	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 miþwissēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 miþwiteits	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 miþwissēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 miþwiteima	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 miþwissēdeima	—
2nd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 miþwiteiþ	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 miþwissēdeiþ	—
3rd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 miþwiteina	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 miþwissēdeina	—
Imperative
2nd singular	—
3rd singular	—
2nd dual	—
2nd plural	—
3rd plural	—
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 miþwitands	𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃 miþwiss

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 177