𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰 (marka) +‎ -𐍉𐌽 (-ōn)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈmarkoːn/

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽 • (gamarkōn)

1. to border (share a border with)
   • Galatians 4:25

     𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌰, 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉⟨𐌸⟩ 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌹 𐌽𐌿 𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌼, 𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌸 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌼.

     seina fairguni ist in arabia, gamarkō⟨þ⟩ þizai nu iairusalēm, iþ skalkinōþ miþ seinaim barnam.

     This mountain is in Arabia, and it borders on Jerusalem, and is a servant with her children.

Usage notes

Used to translate Ancient Greek συστειχέω (susteikhéō) at Galatians 4:25, but that word actually means “to correspond”.

Conjugation

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽 gamarkōn
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉 gamarkō	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 gamarkōda	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 gamarkōda
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍃 gamarkōs	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐍃 gamarkōdēs	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌶𐌰 gamarkōza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌸 gamarkōþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 gamarkōda	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰 gamarkōda
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍃 gamarkōs	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 gamarkōdēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍄𐍃 gamarkōts	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 gamarkōdēduts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌼 gamarkōm	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 gamarkōdēdum	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 gamarkōnda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌸 gamarkōþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 gamarkōdēduþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 gamarkōnda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳 gamarkōnd	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 gamarkōdēdun	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 gamarkōnda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉 gamarkō	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 gamarkōdēdjau	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamarkōdau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍃 gamarkōs	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 gamarkōdēdeis	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌶𐌰𐌿 gamarkōzau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉 gamarkō	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 gamarkōdēdi	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamarkōdau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍅𐌰 gamarkōwa	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gamarkōdēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍄𐍃 gamarkōts	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gamarkōdēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌼𐌰 gamarkōma	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gamarkōdēdeima	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamarkōndau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌸 gamarkōþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 gamarkōdēdeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamarkōndau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌰 gamarkōna	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gamarkōdēdeina	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamarkōndau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉 gamarkō
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamarkōdau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍄𐍃 gamarkōts
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌸 gamarkōþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamarkōndau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 gamarkōnds	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐍉𐌸𐍃 gamarkōþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 92