𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +‎ 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 (ƕairban, “to walk”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biˈʍɛrban/, [biˈʍɛrβan]

Verb

𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 • (biƕairban)

1. (transitive) to throng around
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 8:45b:

     𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳, 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌿𐌺 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌹𐍃: 𐍈𐌰𐍃 𐍃𐌰 𐍄𐌴𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐍃?

     talzjand, manageins biƕairband þuk jah þreihand, jah qiþis: ƕas sa tēkands mis?

     Master, the multitude throng thee and press thee, and sayest thou, Who touched me? (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 3 strong
Infinitive	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 biƕairban
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰 biƕairba	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌱 biƕarb	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰 biƕairbada
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐍃 biƕairbis	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍂𐍆𐍄 biƕarft	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌶𐌰 biƕairbaza
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸 biƕairbiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌱 biƕarb	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰 biƕairbada
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐍉𐍃 biƕairbōs	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿 biƕaurbu	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍃 biƕairbats	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐍄𐍃 biƕaurbuts	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌼 biƕairbam	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐌼 biƕaurbum	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 biƕairbanda
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸 biƕairbiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐌸 biƕaurbuþ	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 biƕairbanda
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳 biƕairband	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌿𐌽 biƕaurbun	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 biƕairbanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌿 biƕairbau	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌿 biƕaurbjau	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 biƕairbaidau
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍃 biƕairbais	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃 biƕaurbeis	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 biƕairbaizau
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹 biƕairbai	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌹 biƕaurbi	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 biƕairbaidau
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 biƕairbaiwa	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 biƕaurbeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 biƕairbaits	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 biƕaurbeits	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 biƕairbaima	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 biƕaurbeima	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biƕairbaindau
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸 biƕairbaiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸 biƕaurbeiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biƕairbaindau
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 biƕairbaina	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 biƕaurbeina	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biƕairbaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱 biƕairb
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 biƕairbadau
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍃 biƕairbats
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸 biƕairbiþ
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 biƕairbandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 biƕairbands	𐌱𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 biƕaurbans

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 61