냉담하다
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From 냉담(冷淡) (naengdam, “cold, indifferent”) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈnɛ(ː)ŋda̠mɦa̠da̠] ~ [ˈne̞(ː)ŋda̠mɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [냉(ː)담하다/넹(ː)담하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | naengdamhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | naengdamhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | naengdamhada |
| Yale Romanization? | nāyngtamhata |
Adjective
[edit]냉담하다 • (naengdamhada) (infinitive 냉담해 or 냉담하여, sequential 냉담하니)
- cold, apathetic, chilly, frosty, cold-hearted, cold-blooded, frigid
- 냉담한 응대 ― naengdamhan eungdae ― a cold response
Conjugation
[edit]| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 냉담하다 naengdamhada |
냉담해 naengdamhae |
냉담해요 naengdamhaeyo |
냉담합니다 naengdamhamnida |
| Past | 냉담했다 naengdamhaetda |
냉담했어 naengdamhaesseo |
냉담했어요 naengdamhaesseoyo |
냉담했습니다 naengdamhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 냉담하냐 naengdamhanya |
냉담해 naengdamhae |
냉담해요 naengdamhaeyo |
냉담합니까 naengdamhamnikka |
| Past | 냉담했냐 naengdamhaennya |
냉담했어 naengdamhaesseo |
냉담했어요 naengdamhaesseoyo |
냉담했습니까 naengdamhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 냉담하겠다 naengdamhagetda |
냉담하겠어 naengdamhagesseo |
냉담하겠어요 naengdamhagesseoyo |
냉담하겠습니다 naengdamhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 냉담해 naengdamhae |
냉담해서, 냉담하여서 naengdamhaeseo, naengdamhayeoseo |
냉담하니 naengdamhani |
냉담하니까 naengdamhanikka | |
| Contrast | 냉담하지만 naengdamhajiman |
냉담한데 naengdamhande |
냉담하더니 naengdamhadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 냉담하고 naengdamhago |
||||
| Condition | 냉담하면 naengdamhamyeon |
냉담해야, 냉담하여야 naengdamhaeya, naengdamhayeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 냉담함 naengdamham |
냉담하기 naengdamhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 냉담했음, 냉담하였음 naengdamhaesseum, naengdamhayeosseum |
냉담했기, 냉담하였기 naengdamhaetgi, naengdamhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 냉담한 naengdamhan | |||
| Future | 냉담할 naengdamhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 냉담하시다 naengdamhasida |
냉담하셔 naengdamhasyeo |
냉담하세요, 냉담하셔요 naengdamhaseyo, naengdamhasyeoyo |
냉담하십니다 naengdamhasimnida |
| Past | 냉담하셨다 naengdamhasyeotda |
냉담하셨어 naengdamhasyeosseo |
냉담하셨어요 naengdamhasyeosseoyo |
냉담하셨습니다 naengdamhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 냉담하시냐 naengdamhasinya |
냉담하셔 naengdamhasyeo |
냉담하세요, 냉담하셔요 naengdamhaseyo, naengdamhasyeoyo |
냉담하십니까 naengdamhasimnikka |
| Past | 냉담하셨냐 naengdamhasyeonnya |
냉담하셨어 naengdamhasyeosseo |
냉담하셨어요 naengdamhasyeosseoyo |
냉담하셨습니까 naengdamhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 냉담하시겠다 naengdamhasigetda |
냉담하시겠어 naengdamhasigesseo |
냉담하시겠어요 naengdamhasigesseoyo |
냉담하시겠습니다 naengdamhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 냉담하셔 naengdamhasyeo |
냉담하셔서 naengdamhasyeoseo |
냉담하시니 naengdamhasini |
냉담하시니까 naengdamhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 냉담하시지만 naengdamhasijiman |
냉담하신데 naengdamhasinde |
냉담하시더니 naengdamhasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 냉담하시고 naengdamhasigo |
||||
| Condition | 냉담하시면 naengdamhasimyeon |
냉담하셔야 naengdamhasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 냉담하심 naengdamhasim |
냉담하시기 naengdamhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 냉담하셨음 naengdamhasyeosseum |
냉담하셨기 naengdamhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 냉담하신 naengdamhasin | |||
| Future | 냉담하실 naengdamhasil | ||||