가맣다

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Korean 가마ᄒᆞ다 (Yale: kama-hota), equivalent to 가마 (Yale: kama, an inflected form of 감다 (kamta, “to be black”)) + ᄒᆞ다 (Yale: hota, light verb whence modern 하다 (hada)).

This ᄒᆞ다 (hota) construction, which is now ungrammatical in these contexts, was used widely in Middle Korean to derive emphatic color terms; see #Related terms below.

Pronunciation

Ablaut/harmonic pair

Yin-form	거멓다 (geomeota)
Yang-form	가맣다 (gamata)

Consonant set

Plain	가맣다 (gamata)
Intensive	까맣다 (kkamata)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈka̠(ː)ma̠tʰa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)마타]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gamata
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gamahda
McCune–Reischauer?	kamat'a
Yale Romanization?	kāmahta

Adjective

가맣다 • (gamata) (irregular, infinitive 가매, sequential 가마니)

1. to be blackish; to be dark

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 가맣다 (gamata): consonant-stem, ㅎ(h)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가맣다 gamata	가매 gamae	가매요 gamaeyo	가맣습니다 gamaseumnida
	Past	가맸다 gamaetda	가맸어 gamaesseo	가맸어요 gamaesseoyo	가맸습니다 gamaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가마냐 gamanya	가매 gamae	가매요 gamaeyo	가맣습니까 gamaseumnikka
	Past	가맸냐 gamaennya	가맸어 gamaesseo	가맸어요 gamaesseoyo	가맸습니까 gamaetseumnikka
Assertive		가맣겠다 gamaketda	가맣겠어 gamakesseo	가맣겠어요 gamakesseoyo	가맣겠습니다 gamaketseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		가매 gamae	가매서 gamaeseo	가마니 gamani	가마니까 gamanikka
Contrast		가맣지만 gamachiman	가만데 gamande	가맣더니 gamateoni
Conjunction		가맣고 gamako
Condition		가마면 gamamyeon	가매야 gamaeya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		가맘 gamam	가맣기 gamaki
Past-tense verbal nouns		가맸음 gamaesseum	가맸기 gamaetgi
Determiners	Present		가만 gaman
	Future		가말 gamal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가마시다 gamasida	가마셔 gamasyeo	가마세요, 가마셔요 gamaseyo, gamasyeoyo	가마십니다 gamasimnida
	Past	가마셨다 gamasyeotda	가마셨어 gamasyeosseo	가마셨어요 gamasyeosseoyo	가마셨습니다 gamasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가마시냐 gamasinya	가마셔 gamasyeo	가마세요, 가마셔요 gamaseyo, gamasyeoyo	가마십니까 gamasimnikka
	Past	가마셨냐 gamasyeonnya	가마셨어 gamasyeosseo	가마셨어요 gamasyeosseoyo	가마셨습니까 gamasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		가마시겠다 gamasigetda	가마시겠어 gamasigesseo	가마시겠어요 gamasigesseoyo	가마시겠습니다 gamasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		가마셔 gamasyeo	가마셔서 gamasyeoseo	가마시니 gamasini	가마시니까 gamasinikka
Contrast		가마시지만 gamasijiman	가마신데 gamasinde	가마시더니 gamasideoni
Conjunction		가마시고 gamasigo
Condition		가마시면 gamasimyeon	가마셔야 gamasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		가마심 gamasim	가마시기 gamasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		가마셨음 gamasyeosseum	가마셨기 gamasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		가마신 gamasin
	Future		가마실 gamasil

Related terms

• 노랗다 (norata)
• 누렇다 (nureota)
• 파랗다 (parata)
• 퍼렇다 (peoreota)
• 하얗다 (hayata)
• 허옇다 (heoyeota)