ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀
Javanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Compare Malay sampai (“to arrive; to reach”) + -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]| Javanese register set |
|---|
| ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀ (krama inggil): ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤ꧀ (panyjenengan) |
| ꦏꦿꦩ (krama): ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (sampéyan) |
| ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ (ngoko): ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ (kowé) |
ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (sampéyan)
See also
[edit]| freestanding form | prefix | suffix | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ngoko | madya | krama | higher krama | ||||
| first person | singular | ꦲꦏꦸ (aku) | – | ꦏꦸꦭ (kula) | ꦢꦊꦩ꧀ (dalem) | ꦠꦏ꧀- (tak-), ꦢꦏ꧀- (dak-) |
-ꦏꦸ (-ku) |
| plural exclusive | ꦏꦩꦶ (kami) | – | – | ||||
| plural inclusive | ꦏꦶꦠ (kita) | – | – | ||||
| second person | ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ (kowé) | ꦱꦩꦁ (samang) | ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (sampéyan) | ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤ꧀ (panjenengan) | ꦏꦺꦴ- (ko-), ꦏꦺꦴꦏ꧀- (kok-) |
-ꦩꦸ (-mu) | |
| third person | ꦝꦺꦮꦺꦏꦺ (dhèwèké) | – | ꦥꦶꦪꦩ꧀ꦧꦏꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ (piyambakipun) | ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤꦺ (panjenengané), ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ (panjenenganipun) |
– | -ꦤꦺ (-né), -ꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ (-nipun) | |
- The personal pronouns may vary depending on the dialect.
- The second and third person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like.
See each entry for more information.
Further reading
[edit]- The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2011) “sampeyan”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), 2nd edition, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN