鬱金

See also: 欝金 and 郁金

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (鬱金)		鬱	金
simp. (郁金)		郁	金

Etymology

Related to Persian کرکم (kurkum, “saffron”) (suggested as possible by Pulleyblank (1962)). Most likely ultimately from Sanskrit कुङ्कुम (kuṅkuma, “saffron”). Compare Khotanese [script needed] (kurkuma-, “saffron, crocus”), Tocharian B kurkamäṣṣi (“of saffron”), Sogdian [script needed] (kwrkwnph, “saffron”), Tibetan གུར་གུམ (gur gum, “saffron”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yùjīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ ㄐㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wat¹ gam¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ut-kim / it-kim
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷iuq-cin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yùjīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˋ ㄐㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yùjin
    • Wade–Giles: yü⁴-chin¹
    • Yale: yù-jīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuhjin
    • Palladius: юйцзинь (jujczinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 浴巾 鬱金 / 郁金

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wat¹ gam¹
    • Yale: wāt gām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wat⁷ gam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: wed¹ gem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐt̚⁵ kɐm⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ut-kim
    • Tâi-lô: ut-kim
    • Phofsit Daibuun: utkym
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ut̚³²⁻⁴ kim⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: it-kim
    • Tâi-lô: it-kim
    • Phofsit Daibuun: itkym
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /it̚³²⁻⁴ kim⁴⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷iuq-cin
    • MiniDict: iuih^入 cin
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴yq-jin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /yɪʔ³³ t͡ɕin⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: 'jut kim

Rime
Character	鬱	金
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	物 (60)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	紆物切	居吟切
Baxter	'jut	kim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨut̚/	/kˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiut̚/	/kᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuət̚/	/kiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔut̚/	/kjim/
Li Rong	/ʔiuət̚/	/kjəm/
Wang Li	/ĭuət̚/	/kĭĕm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯uət̚/	/ki̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yu	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wat1	gam1

Noun

鬱金

1. turmeric (Curcuma longa, Curcuma aromatica, etc.) or its tuberous root (used as an herb in traditional Chinese medicine)

Derived terms

• 鬱金香 / 郁金香 (yùjīnxiāng)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (鬱金):

• → Japanese: 鬱金(うこん) (ukon); 鬱金(うっこん) (ukkon)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鬱	金
Grade: S	こん Grade: 1
irregular	goon

Alternative spelling
欝金

/uk̚koɴ/ → /ukoɴ/

Shift from ukkon below.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) うこん [ùkóń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟kõ̞ɴ]

Noun

鬱金(うこん) or 鬱金(ウコン) • (ukon) 

1. the turmeric, Curcuma longa

   Synonyms: 黄染草 (kizomegusa), ターメリック (tāmerikku)

   Hypernym: 生姜 (shōga)

2. a dye extracted from the rhizome of the turmeric
3. Short for 鬱金色 (ukon-iro): saffron yellow
4. Short for 鬱金桜 (ukonzakura): a 里桜 (satozakura) cultivar, Prunus lannesiana
5. (traditional Chinese medicine) rhizome of Curcuma longa used in medicine

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ウコン.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 鬱(う)金(こん)色(いろ) (ukon-iro)
• 鬱(ウ)金(コン)空(ウツ)木(ギ) (ukon utsugi)
• 鬱(う)金(こん)粉(こ) (ukon-ko)
• 鬱(ウ)金(コン)香(コウ) (ukonkō)
• 鬱(ウ)金(コン)桜(ザクラ) (ukonzakura)
• 鬱(う)金(こん)染(ぞ)め (ukonzome)
• 鬱(ウ)金(コン)花(バナ) (ukonbana)
• 鬱(う)金(こん)文(ぶ)庫(んこ) (ukon bunko)
• 鬱(う)金(こん)木(も)綿(めん) (ukon momen)
• 葛(クズ)鬱(ウ)金(コン) (kuzu-ukon)
• 蕃(バン)鬱(ウ)金(コン) (ban ukon)
• 紅(べに)鬱(う)金(こん) (beni ukon)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鬱	金
うち > うっ Grade: S	こん Grade: 1
goon

/utɨ komʉ/ → /uk̚komʉ/ → /uk̚koɴ/

From Middle Chinese 鬱金 (MC 'jut kim).

Noun

鬱(うっ)金(こん) or 鬱金(ウッコン) • (ukkon) 

1. (archaic) the turmeric, Curcuma longa
2. Short for 鬱金色 (ukkon-iro): saffron yellow
3. Short for 鬱金香 (ukkonkō): a tulip

Derived terms

• 鬱(ウッ)金(コン)香(コウ) (ukkonkō, “tulip”)
• 鬱(ウッ)金(コン)草(ソウ)樹(ジュ) (ukkonsōju, “tulip tree”)